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Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC, <i>et al<\/i>. Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 659-66."},{"key":"2","unstructured":"2. Nademanee K, McKenzie J, Kosar E, <i>et al<\/i>. A new approach for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: mapping of the electrophysiologic substrate. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 2044-53."},{"key":"3","unstructured":"3. Haissagurre M, Hocini M, Sanders P, <i>et al<\/i>. Catheter ablation of long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: Clinical outcome and mechanisms of subsequent arrhythmias. J Cardioasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16: 1138-47."},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4. O&apos;Donnell D, Furniss SS, Dunuwille A, Bourke JP. Delayed cure despite early recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91: 83-5."},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"5. Elayi CS, Verma A, Di Biase L, <i>et al<\/i>. 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Predictors of early and late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2004; 10: 221-6."},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Jiang H, Lu Z, Lei H, Zhao D, Yang B, Huang C. Predictors of early recurrence and delayed cure after segmental pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without structural heart disease. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2006; 15: 157-63."},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux FA, <i>et al<\/i>. Chamber Quantification Writing Group; American Society of Echocardiography&apos;s Guidelines and Standards Committee; European Association of Echocardiography. 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Time to cardioversion of recurrent atrial arrhythmias after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and long-term clinical outcome. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009; 20: 1321-5."},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Richter B, Gwechenberger M, Socas A, Marx M, Gossinger HD. Frequency of recurrence of atrial fibrillation within 48 hours after ablation and its impact on long-term outcome. Am J Cardiol 2008; 101: 843-7."},{"key":"16","unstructured":"16. Koyama T, Sekiguchi Y, Tada H, <i>et al<\/i>. Comparison of characteristics and significance of immediate versus early versus no recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. Am J Cardiol 2009; 103: 1249-54."},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17. Chang SL, Tsao HM, Lin YJ, <i>et al<\/i>. Characteristics and significance of very early recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2011; 22: 1193-8."},{"key":"18","unstructured":"18. Zhang Y, Chen A, Song L, <i>et al<\/i>. Association between baseline natriuretic peptides and atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. Int Heart J 2016; 57: 183-9."},{"key":"19","unstructured":"19. Kim JY, Kim SH, Jung HO, <i>et al<\/i>. Restoration of mitral inflow velocity until blanking period is associated with successful ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. Int Heart J 2016; 57: 424-9."},{"key":"20","unstructured":"20. Dickfeld T, Kato R, Zviman M, <i>et al<\/i>. Characterization of radiofrequency ablation lesions with gadolinium-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 370-8."},{"key":"21","first-page":"161","volume":"6","year":"2009","unstructured":"21. Badger TJ, Oakes RS, Daccarett M, <i>et al<\/i>. Temporal left atrial lesion formation after ablation of atrial fibrillation. 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Randomized ablation strategies for the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation. RASTA study. Circ Arrhythm Electrophisiol 2012; 5: 287-94."},{"key":"25","unstructured":"25. Tilz RR, Rillig A, Thum AM, <i>et al<\/i>. Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation. 5-year outcomes of the Hamburg sequential ablation strategy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60: 1921-9."},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"26. Oral H, Chung A, Good E, <i>et al<\/i>. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation guided by complex electrograms. Circulation 2007; 115: 2606-12.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.691386"},{"key":"27","first-page":"632","volume":"9","year":"2012","unstructured":"27. 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