{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T15:46:23Z","timestamp":1785599183455,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":216,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Two Offset Printing Workers with Cholangiocarcinoma: Shinji KUMAGAI. Department of Management of Occupational Safety and Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan\u2014<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously, the author reported a cluster of 11 cholangiocarcinoma cases exposed to 1,2\u2010dichloropropane (1,2\u2010DCP) and\/or dichloromethane (DCM) in an offset proof\u2010printing company. Before that report, the association between the two chemicals and cholangiocarcinoma had not been known. The current study describes two cholangiocarcinoma patients exposed to 1,2\u2010DCP or DCM in different offset printing companies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The author obtained medical records for the patients, and interviewed the surviving patient and a relative of the deceased patient about their occupational history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case 1 was a man born in 1950. He worked in the printing section in a proof\u2010printing company for 26 years. He was diagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma in 1998 and died in 2000. In proof\u2010printing operations, he used gasoline for 14 years and 1,2\u2010DCP for 11 years to remove ink from a rubber transcription roller (blanket). The exposure concentration of 1,2\u2010DCP was estimated to be between 72 and 5,200 ppm. Case 2 was a man born in 1963. He worked in the printing section in a general offset printing company for 11 years. He was diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma in 2007. In printing operations, he used both kerosene and a mixture of 50% DCM and 50% 1,1,1\u2010trichloroethane (1,1,1\u2010TCE) for 11 years to remove ink from a blanket. The exposure concentration of DCM was estimated to be between 240 and 6,100 ppm. He was simultaneously exposed to similar levels of 1,1,1\u2010TCE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because the offset printing process may cause cholangiocarcinoma, occupational history should be examined for patients with this cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.13-0262-cs","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]],"date-time":"2014-02-18T23:06:50Z","timestamp":1392764810000},"page":"164-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Two Offset Printing Workers with Cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Shinji","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management of Occupational Safety and Health University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-101246"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Biliary tract cancer cases at printing plants in Japan (1 October 2013\/Ver.12 Since 10 August 2012)","author":"Kamae K","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-011-0621-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199912000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1451"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199607000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1788"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"439","article-title":"Application of mathematical models predicting the exposure levels of vapor and gas of chemicals used at the workplace","volume":"77","author":"Hara K","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Science of Labor"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Disaster in a printing company in Osaka Prefecture (in Japanese)","author":"National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH)","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.15.S150"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Comparison of incidence of intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma \u2010 Focus on East and South\u2010eastern Asia","volume":"11","author":"Shin Hai\u2010Rim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67530-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"NTP Technical Report 263","author":"NTP (National Toxicology Program)","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"NTP Technical Report 306","author":"NTP (National Toxicology Program)","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(86)90196-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1218(94)90050-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327197016001021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90328-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2002.9348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(91)90076-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"In support of summary information on the Intergrated Risk Information System (IRIS). 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