{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T06:39:39Z","timestamp":1783406379908,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,22]],"date-time":"2014-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":82,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Chemical Exposure Levels in Printing Workers with Cholangiocarcinoma: Kenichi YAMADA, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Occupational Health Research and Development Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association\u2014<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to identify chemicals used by printing workers with cholangiocarcinoma, as well as the levels of exposure to the chemicals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information necessary to identify chemicals used by printing workers with cholangiocarcinoma and to estimate chemical exposure concentrations was obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan. Working environment concentrations of the chemicals in the printing rooms were estimated using a well\u2010mixed model, and exposure concentrations during the ink removal operation were estimated using a near\u2010field and far\u2010field model. Shift timeweighted averages (TWA) of exposure concentrations were also calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two workers from each of three small printing plants examined suffered from cholangiocarcinoma, and all six of these workers had been exposed to 1,2\u2010dichloropropane (1,2\u2010DCP) for 10\u221216 years. The estimated working environment concentrations of 1,2\u2010DCP in the printing rooms were 17\u2212180 ppm and estimated exposure concentrations during the ink removal operation were 150\u2212620 ppm. Shift TWA values were estimated to be 62\u2212240 ppm. Four of the six workers had also been exposed to dichloromethane (DCM) at estimated working environment concentrations of 0\u221298 ppm and estimated exposure concentrations during the ink removal operation of 0\u2212560 ppm. Shift TWA values were estimated to be 0\u2212180 ppm. Other chlorinated organic solvents (1,1,1trichloroethane, 1,1\u2010dichloro\u20101\u2010fluoroethane) and petroleum solvents (gasoline, naphtha, mineral spirit, mineral oil, kerosene) were also used in the ink removal operation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>All six printing workers with cholangiocarcinoma were exposed to very high levels of 1,2\u2010DCP for a long term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.14-0073-oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]],"date-time":"2014-07-24T23:21:00Z","timestamp":1406244060000},"page":"332-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Chemical Exposure Levels in Printing Workers with Cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Health Research and Development Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Safety and Health Management University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Nagoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering Waseda University Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ginji","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"297","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 85th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Occupational Health","author":"Kumagai S","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2012-101246"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"The worker compensation panel of the Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare.Report of the worker compensation panel on cholangiocarginoma among printing workers.2013(in Japanese)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association.The number of claims filed and results on biliary tract cancer cases at printing plants. [Online]. [cited 2014 Mar day]; Available from: URL:http:\/\/www.jisha.or.jp\/english\/pdf\/Number_of_claims.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.15.S150"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20130122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15428119691014756"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Handbook for risk assessment and risk management of chemical substances and other environment factors","author":"Yamada K","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Disaster in a printing company in Osaka prefecture","author":"National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH)","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.13-0262-CS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1788"}],"container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1539%2Fjoh.14-0073-OA","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.14-0073-OA","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.14-0073-OA","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T18:08:08Z","timestamp":1705082888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joh\/article\/56\/5\/332-338\/7250626"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1539\/joh.14-0073-OA"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1539\/joh.14-0073-oa","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9145","1348-9585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9145","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-9585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}}}