{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T05:23:06Z","timestamp":1793424186395,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,14]],"date-time":"2015-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        Workplace violence towards Congolese health care workers: A survey of 436 healthcare facilities in Katanga province, Democratic Republic of Congo: Basilua Andre MUZEMBO,\n                        <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>\n                        . Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University\u2014\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate workplace violence by patients or their relatives towards health\u2010care workers in Congolese hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Through the autumn of 2012, a cross\u2010sectional survey on workplace violence was conducted in a sample of 2,210 registered health\u2010care workers (989 males and 1,221 females, aged 33 \u00b1 8 years) from 436 hospitals located in the province of Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Verbal aggression, harassment and physical violence perpetrated by patients or their relatives within the previous year along with factors contributing to violence, were recorded, and the response rate was 99%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 80.1% of the health\u2010care workers had experienced one or more types of workplace violence. Overall, the severity of workplace violence varied from verbal aggression (57.4%) and harassment (15.2%) to physical violence (7.5%). Patients were the major perpetrators of verbal aggression and harassment, whereas patients' relatives were mainly involved in physical violence. The frequency of workplace violence was similar across hospitals. Male health\u2010care workers were more likely to be victims of physical violence, whereas female health\u2010care workers were the prime target for harassment. Only 34.3% of the violent episodes were reported to a supervisor. Furthermore, disrespect for medical deontology was the main cause of workplace violence perceived by 68.8% of the health\u2010care workers. Conclusions: Although it has not been officially recognized, there has been workplace violence towards health\u2010care workers perpetrated by patients or their relatives despite the fact that health\u2010care workers have traditionally been highly respected in Congolese society. Further studies on this issue may suggest opportunities for combating violence in Congolese hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.14-0111-oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T19:28:13Z","timestamp":1417634893000},"page":"69-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Workplace violence towards Congolese health care workers: A survey of 436 healthcare facilities in Katanga province, Democratic Republic of Congo"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Basilua Andre","family":"Muzembo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine Kochi Medical School, Kochi University Japan"},{"name":"Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukuke Hendrick","family":"Mbutshu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nlandu Roger","family":"Ngatu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine Kochi Medical School, Kochi University Japan"},{"name":"Disaster Graduate School of Health and Nursing Sciences, and Disaster Nursing Global Leader program (DNGL), University of Kochi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaj Francoise","family":"Malonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamitsu","family":"Eitoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine Kochi Medical School, Kochi University Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoji","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine Kochi Medical School, Kochi University Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narufumi","family":"Suganuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Social Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine Kochi Medical School, Kochi University Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/8.2.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8510(02)00142-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"International Labour Organization (ILO):Framework guidelines for addressing workplace violence in the health sector. 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