{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T07:39:47Z","timestamp":1782286787080,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]],"date-time":"2016-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the actual situation of noise and low\u2010frequency sounds in firework events and their impact on pyrotechnicians.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on firework noise and low\u2010frequency sounds were obtained at a point located approximately 100 m away from the launch site of a firework display held in \u201cA\u201d City in 2013. We obtained the data by continuously measuring and analyzing the equivalent continuous sound level (<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>eq) and the one\u2010third octave band of the noise and low\u2010frequency sounds emanating from the major firework detonations, and predicted sound levels at the original launch site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sound levels of 100\u2010115 dB and low\u2010frequency sounds of 100\u2010125 dB were observed at night. The maximum and mean <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>eq values were 97 and 95 dB, respectively. The launching noise level predicted from the sounds (85 dB) at the noise measurement point was 133 dB. Occupational exposure to noise for pyrotechnicians at the remote operation point (located 20\u201030 m away from the launch site) was estimated to be below 100 dB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pyrotechnicians are exposed to very loud noise (&gt;100 dB) at the launch point. We believe that it is necessary to implement measures such as fixing earplugs or earmuffs, posting a warning at the workplace, and executing a remote launching operation to prevent hearing loss caused by occupational exposure of pyrotechnicians to noise. It is predicted that both sound levels and low\u2010frequency sounds would be reduced by approximately 35 dB at the remote operation site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.16-0064-oa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]],"date-time":"2016-09-29T22:10:03Z","timestamp":1475187003000},"page":"593-601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Noise and low\u2010frequency sound levels due to aerial fireworks and prediction of the occupational exposure of pyrotechnicians to noise"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Tagayasu","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation Chubu Gakuin University Gifu Japan"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Health Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuhito","family":"Aoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Survey Planning Gifu Research Center for Public Health Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Distortion product optoacoustic emissions in acute acoustic trauma","volume":"1","author":"Oeken J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Noise & Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Enka\u2010no shouhi\u2010hoan kijun [Consumption and security standards for fireworks]","author":"Japan Pyrotechnics Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Enforcement situation of preventive measures against heat disorders among enterprises setting fireworks","volume":"61","author":"Inaba R","year":"2013","journal-title":"JJOMT"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"The sound of fireworks","volume":"34","author":"Tei T","year":"2010","journal-title":"J INCE\/J"},{"issue":"50","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Introduction of noise prediction calculation","author":"Kakei H","year":"2007","journal-title":"Idemitsu technical report"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan.Evaluation guide to solve low frequency noise problems. [Online]. [cited2015Dec. 14]; Available from: URL:https:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/en\/air\/aq\/low_noise2004\/03.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.ROEL2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Uchiage\u2010hanabi to kenko [Aerial fireworks and health]","volume":"20","author":"Inaba R","year":"2012","journal-title":"Japan Health Medicine Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare of Japan.Guidelines for the prevention of noise\u2010induced impairments (1992). [Online]. [cited2015Dec. 14]; Available from: URL:https:\/\/www.jniosh.go.jp\/icpro\/jicosh\u2010old\/english\/guideline\/Guide\u20101.html"}],"container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1539%2Fjoh.16-0064-OA","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.16-0064-OA","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.16-0064-OA","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T18:09:24Z","timestamp":1705082964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joh\/article\/58\/6\/593-601\/7250818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1539\/joh.16-0064-OA"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1539\/joh.16-0064-oa","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9145","1348-9585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9145","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-9585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}}}