{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:29:04Z","timestamp":1790861344571,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]],"date-time":"2003-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":64,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Study on Incidence of Needle Stick Injury and Factors Associated with This Problem among Medical Students: Mohamad Yaakob Norsayani, <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Malaysia<\/jats:bold>\u2014Medical students face the threat of needle stick injury with the consequent risk of acquiring blood\u2010borne infection by pathogens such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C while performing their clinical activities in the hospitals. A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among 417 final year medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), University Malaya (UM) and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The aims of the study were to determine the incidence of cases and episodes of needle stick injury among them in the past year. This study was also done to find out the factors that might be associated with the occurrence of this problem. The factors were sociodemographic factors, duration of exposure, level of knowledge of blood\u2010borne diseases and Universal Precaution, perception of risk of blood\u2010borne diseases and level of practice of Universal Precaution. The incidence of needle stick injury among medical students was 14.1% (59 cases). The total number of episodes of needle stick injury was 87 and the incidence of episodes among respondents was high i.e. 20.9%. The highest incidence of episodes of needle stick injury occurred in Obstetric &amp; Gynaecology postings, followed by Medicine and Surgery. For clinical procedures, venepuncture had the highest incidence followed by setting up drips and giving parenteral injections. The results showed the students who had needle stick injury (cases) had lower scores in the practice of Universal Precautions than non\u2010cases (p&lt;0.05). There was a significant association between the level of practice of Universal Precautions and the number of episodes of needle stick injury, i.e. the higher the score for the practice of Universal Precautions, the lower the number of episodes (\u03b2=\u20132.03 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u20132<\/jats:sup>, p&lt;0.05). This study showed that medical students are at risk of needle stick injury and blood\u2010borne infections during their clinical activities while performing procedures on patients especially for those who were poor at practising Universal Precautions. Therefore some preventive measures should be taken by the management of the universities and medical students to avoid the occurrence of these problems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.45.172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,23]],"date-time":"2004-03-23T06:02:36Z","timestamp":1080021756000},"page":"172-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Study on Incidence of Needle Stick Injury and Factors Associated with this Problem among Medical Students"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mohamad Yaakob","family":"Norsayani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail Noor","family":"Hassim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"344","article-title":"Education of medical students and house staff to prevent hazardous occupational exposure","volume":"162","author":"Doig C","year":"2000","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Preventing needle stick injuries in health care settings. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","author":"NIOSH","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(99)70010-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"OSHA.Safer needle devices: protecting health care workers 1997. (online).http:\/\/www.thebody.org\/osha\/saferneedle02.html(20 January 2002)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","article-title":"Incidence rate of needle stick injuries among health care workers within the ministry of health","author":"Ministry of Health of Malaysia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Quality Assurance Indicator."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(95)90007-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199610103351512"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430010081011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Needle\u2010stick injuries in medical students","volume":"2","author":"Naing NN","year":"1995","journal-title":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"270","article-title":"Puncture injuries during undergraduate medical training","volume":"31","author":"Naing NN","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Islamic. Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"The blood\u2010borne pathogen standard: a pragmatic approach","author":"O'Neil J.T","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198808043190506"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"AzmiM.T.Komplians terhadap amalan pencegahan universal di kalangan kakitangan perubatan Jabatan Kemalangan dan Kecemasan Hospital Kuala Lumpur.Fakulti Perubatan UKM.1997;1\u201380."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Occupational exposures and knowledge of universal precautions among medical students","volume":"58","author":"Kwee SA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hawaii Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"CDC.Universal precautions for prevention of transmission of HIV and other blood\u2010borne infections (online).2001.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/HIP\/blood\/universa.html.(20 November 2001)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00009"}],"container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1539%2Fjoh.45.172","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.45.172","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.45.172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T18:14:22Z","timestamp":1705083262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joh\/article\/45\/3\/172-178\/7270915"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1539\/joh.45.172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1539\/joh.45.172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9145","1348-9585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9145","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-9585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}