{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T13:24:44Z","timestamp":1725542684668},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,14]],"date-time":"2004-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1087171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Occupational Exposure to Aromatic Hydrocarbons at a Coke Plant: Part II. Exposure Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds: Gra\u017cyna Bieniek, <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> Department of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Silesia, Poland<\/jats:bold>\u2014 The objective of the study is to assess the external and internal exposures to aromatic hydrocarbons in the tar and oil naphthalene distillation processes at a coke plant. 69 workers engaged as operators in tar and oil naphthalene distillation processes and 25 non\u2010exposed subjects were examined. Personal analyses of the benzene, toluene, xylene isomers, ethylbenzene, naphthalene, indan, indene and acenaphthene in the breathing zone air allowed us to determine the time weighted average exposure levels to the aromatic hydrocarbons listed above. The internal exposure was investigated by measurement of the urinary excretion of naphthols, 2\u2010methylphenol and dimethylphenol isomers by means of gas chromatography with a flame ionization detection (GC\/FID). Urine metabolites were extracted after enzymatic hydrolysis by solid\u2010phase extraction with styrene\u2010divinylbenzene resin. The time\u2010weighted average concentrations of the hydrocarbons detected in the breathing zone air shows that the exposure levels of the workers are relatively low in comparison to the exposure limits. Statistically significant differences between average concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene isomers) determined at the workplaces in the tar distillation department have been found. Concentrations of the naphthalene and acenaphthene detected in workers from the oil distillation department are higher that those from the tar distillation department. Concentrations of naphthols, 2\u2010methoxyphenol and dimethylphenol isomers in the urine of occupationally exposed workers were significantly higher than those of non\u2010exposed subjects. Concentrations of the 2methoxyphenol and dimethylphenol isomers in urine were significantly higher for the tar distillation workers, whereas concentrations of naphthols were higher for the oil naphthalene distillation workers. Operators at the tar and naphthalene oil distillation processes are simultaneously exposed to a mixture of different hydrocarbons, mainly benzene and naphthalene homologues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.46.181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,14]],"date-time":"2004-06-14T06:02:59Z","timestamp":1087192979000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Occupational Exposure to Aromatic Hydrocarbons at a Coke Plant: Part II. Exposure Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Bieniek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biopharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Silesia Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Kurkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biopharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Silesia Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Wilczok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biopharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Silesia Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Klimek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular 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