{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T20:16:23Z","timestamp":1774124183377,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,12]],"date-time":"2004-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1092268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Emphysema Findings Associated with Heavy Asbestos\u2010Exposure in High Resolution Computed Tomography of Finnish Construction Workers: Olli Huuskonen, <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland<\/jats:bold>\u2014Asbestos fibers are known to cause lung fibrosis, but their role in emphysema is unclear. We wanted to evaluate the relationship between asbestos exposure and emphysema by using high\u2010resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Conventional and high resolution CT was performed on 600 smoking construction workers with an asbestos\u2010related occupational disease. Emphysema subtypes (centrilobular, paraseptal, panlobular emphysema and bullae) were separately scored on a semiquantitative scale from 0 to 5, which scores were added up to yield the total emphysema score. Occupation, exposure duration, age, pack years and asbestosis diagnosis were analyzed in general linear models for possible associations with emphysema. The inter\u2010 (quadratic weighted kappa, \u03ba <jats:sub>qw<\/jats:sub>=0.46\u20130.72) and intraobserver (\u03ba <jats:sub>qw<\/jats:sub>=0.78\u2013 0.94) agreements for the subtype\u2010scores and the reliability of the total score (Cronbach's alpha=0.87) were good. Insulators had a significantly higher paraseptal, panlobular and total score than the other occupational groups when adjusted for age and smoking. An asbestosis diagnosis was also a significant independent predictor of a higher total score. Emphysema was more common when workers had asbestosis or were heavily exposed to asbestos (insulators), but due to confounding factors the causative role of asbestos in emphysema needs further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.46.266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,12]],"date-time":"2004-08-12T06:03:02Z","timestamp":1092290582000},"page":"266-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Emphysema Findings Associated with Heavy Asbestos\u2010Exposure in High Resolution Computed Tomography of Finnish Construction Workers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Olli","family":"Huuskonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leena","family":"Kivisaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helsinki University Central Hospital Department of Radiology Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Zitting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simo","family":"Kaleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tapio","family":"Vehmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute of Occupational Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.3.647"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Occupational Lung Disorders","author":"Weill H","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"340","volume-title":"Occupational Lung Disorders","author":"Parkes WR","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"411","volume-title":"Occupational Lung Disorders","author":"Browne K","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)02101-7","article-title":"The radiographic diagnosis of emphysema","volume":"29","author":"Sanders C","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)00406-7","article-title":"High\u2010resolution computed tomography of obstructive lung disease","volume":"32","author":"Webb WR","year":"1994","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"A new high resolution computed tomography scoring system for pulmonary fibrosis, pleural disease, and emphysema in patients with asbestos related disease","volume":"49","author":"Jarad NA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"85","volume-title":"High\u2010Resolution CT of the Lung","author":"Webb WR","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"222","volume-title":"Occupational Lung Disorders","author":"Parkes WR","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199609)30:3<241::AID-AJIM1>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.287"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7080.572"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5002(01)00294-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"SPSS for Windows Made Simple. 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