{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T09:41:32Z","timestamp":1781689292081,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]],"date-time":"2006-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Toxicity Study of the Volatile Constituents of <jats:italic>Myoga<\/jats:italic> Utilizing Acute Dermal Irritation Assays and the Guinea\u2010Pig Maximization Test: Qingjun W<jats:sc>ei<\/jats:sc>, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University<\/jats:bold>\u2014<jats:italic>Myoga<\/jats:italic> is a fragrant plant which is the special product of Japan and is cultivated throughout Japan. According to our earlier investigation (unpublished data) of <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> cultivators in Japan, 8 of 35 cultivators experienced contact dermatitis in the harvest season. The purpose of this study was to assess the allergenicity of <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> and its major volatile components. The volatile components of <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC). They included \u03b1\u2010pinene, \u03b2\u2010pinene and R\u2010(+)\u2010limonene. We performed a toxicity study of each of the major fragrant components of <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> using acute dermal irritation assays and the Guinea\u2010Pig Maximization test (GPMT) in order to probe the mechanism of allergic contact dermatitis. In acute dermal irritation assays, \u03b1\u2010pinene, \u03b2\u2010pinene and limonene showed positive responses at concentrations of 4%; limonene oxide at 20% and <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> showed a positive response at concentrations of 100%. From the results of the GPMT, according to Kligman scores, limonene oxide was identified as an extreme skin sensitizer and <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> as a mild skin sensitizer. The results of the present study show that R\u2010(+)\u2010limonene is the most important allergen amongst the chemical components of <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic>, and we consider it to be the reason why <jats:italic>myoga<\/jats:italic> cultivators experience allergic contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.48.480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]],"date-time":"2006-12-18T05:45:35Z","timestamp":1166420735000},"page":"480-486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Toxicity Study of the Volatile Constituents of <i>Myoga<\/i> Utilizing Acute Dermal Irritation Assays and the Guinea\u2010Pig Maximization Test"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Qingjun","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Environmental Chemistry School of Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoko","family":"Ohmori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Minamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changnian","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Policy Studies Kumamoto University Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Environmental Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"768","volume-title":"Makino's illustrated flora in colour","author":"Makino T","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Plants and the skin","author":"Lovell CR","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"The 30th Annual Meeting of Japanese Society for Contact Dermatitis","author":"Minamoto K","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb1961.55.1655"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.66.2698"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1969.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0905-857"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02897974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2002.470506.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555575463469","article-title":"The guinea pig maximization test\u2010with a multiple dose design","volume":"75","author":"Andersen KE","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264070660-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"611","volume-title":"Textbook of dermatology","author":"Wikinson JD","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"545","volume-title":"A Textbook of Organic Chemistry","author":"Read J","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2001.450406.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2003.00135.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Cutaneous safety of fragrance material as measured by the maximization test","volume":"82","author":"Greif N","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am Perfumer Cosmet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Screening of fragrance materials for the allergenicity in guinea pig. 1. 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