{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T21:45:32Z","timestamp":1767908732493,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,10]],"date-time":"2008-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Characterization of Liver Injury Associated with Hypersensitive Skin Reactions Induced by Trichloroethylene in the Guinea Pig Maximization Test: Xiaojiang T<jats:sc>ang<\/jats:sc>, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Guangdong Poison Control Center, China<\/jats:bold>\u2014Trichloroethylene (TCE) can induce non\u2010dose\u2010related hepatitis, possibly classified as delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity (immune\u2010mediated hepatitis), as well as dose\u2010related toxic liver injury. However, the difference in pathophysiology between the two kinds of hepatitis remains unknown. This study aimed to characterize the liver injury associated with hypersensitive skin reactions induced by TCE in guinea pigs. As a model of dose\u2010related acute toxic liver injury, the animals were treated with intradermal injection (<jats:italic>ii<\/jats:italic>) (0, 167, 500, 1500 or 4500 mg\/kg of TCE) or dermal patch (<jats:italic>dp<\/jats:italic>) (0 or 900 mg\/kg of TCE). The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) was also carried out as a model of immune\u2010mediated liver injury, in which the total TCE dosage was below 340 mg\/kg. In the group of TCE 4500 mg\/kg (<jats:italic>ii<\/jats:italic>), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01), while total protein and globulin decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). Evident fatty degeneration, hepatic sinusoid dilation and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. No significant change was found in animals treated with TCE of doses below 500 mg\/kg (<jats:italic>ii<\/jats:italic>) or 900 mg\/kg (<jats:italic>dp<\/jats:italic>). In the GPMT, sensitization rates of TCE\u2010induced dermal allergy were 66%. ALT, AST, lactate dehydrogenase and the relative liver weight increased significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) while albumin, IgA and \u03b3\u2010glutamyl transpeptidase decreased significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). Lesions of ballooning changes were observed in liver pathology. Thus, TCE could cause both acute\u2010type toxic liver injury and immune\u2010mediated liver injury, the so\u2010called delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity at doses below the dosage for toxic liver injury. Interestingly, the histopathological features were quite different: fatty degeneration was most prominent in the former, and ballooning in the latter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.l7114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,10]],"date-time":"2008-04-10T05:51:46Z","timestamp":1207806706000},"page":"114-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Characterization of Liver Injury Associated with Hypersensitive Skin Reactions Induced by Trichloroethylene in the Guinea Pig Maximization Test"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Xiaojiang","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"},{"name":"Department of Natural Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat\u2010Sen University China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingling","family":"Que","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangrong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Senhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanlin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Poison Control Center 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