{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:26:13Z","timestamp":1791271573562,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]],"date-time":"2009-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Effects of Co\u2010exposure to Noise and Mixture of Organic Solvents on Blood Pressure: Ta\u2010Yuan C<jats:sc>hang<\/jats:sc>, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, ROC<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Independent exposure to noise or organic solvents is reported to be associated with cardiovascular effects, but the effect of joint exposure is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate effects of noise, a mixture of organic solvents (N,N\u2010dimethylformamide (DMF) and toluene) and their interaction on hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 59 volunteers working in a synthetic leather manufacturing company during 2005\u20132006. Both personal noise exposure and airborne co\u2010exposure to DMF and toluene at work were measured and used to calculate the mixed hazard index (HI). Multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to estimate between\u2010group differences of hypertension by controlling for potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that 18 co\u2010exposure workers (82.22 \u00b1 2.70 dBA and a mixed HI of 0.53 \u00b1 0.20) had the highest prevalence of hypertension (55.6%) compared to 15 solvent\u2010exposure workers (a mixed HI of 0.32 \u00b1 0.18; 46.7%), 9 noise\u2010exposure workers (84.13 \u00b1 2.30 dBA; 44.4%) and 17 low\u2010exposure workers (11.8%). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of hypertension compared to low\u2010exposure workers increased from 7.9 times (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.9\u201366.3; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.06) in solvent\u2010exposure workers and 9.1 times (OR=9.1, 95% CI=1.0\u201381.1; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) in noise\u2010exposure workers to 13.5 times (95% CI=1.5\u2013117.8; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05) in co\u2010exposure workers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that co\u2010exposure to noise, DMF and toluene is associated with hypertension in synthetic leather workers. Simultaneous exposure to noise and a mixture of organic solvents may have a sub\u2010additive effect on the risk of hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.l8121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T05:59:49Z","timestamp":1250143189000},"page":"332-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of Co\u2010exposure to Noise and Mixture of Organic Solvents on Blood Pressure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Ta\u2010Yuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Safety and Health College of Public Health, China Medical University Taiwan ROC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ven\u2010Shing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Safety and Health College of Public Health, China Medical University Taiwan 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