{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T18:44:51Z","timestamp":1784141091216,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]],"date-time":"2009-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Occupational Risk due to Violence in a Psychiatric Ward: Silvana S<jats:sc>alerno<\/jats:sc>, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Division of Biomedicine, ENEA, Italy<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to elucidate causes of aggression from clinical records of a psychiatric ward of a major urban public hospital where aggression towards Health Care Workers [HCWs] was the second leading cause of hospital work\u2010related injuries after needlesticks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychiatric patients' clinical records for the period 2002\u20132005 were examined and coded. Data were analysed with the case\u2010control approach to identify the determinants of the aggressive behavior towards HCWs, after adjustment for age, gender, nationality and diagnosis of the patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined 2.196 records and identified 321 individuals who had become violent at least once towards nurses, pshysicians or other patients or relatives during their hospitalization. The victims of the aggressive behavior were mainly nurses. A history of involuntary admission was strongly associated with aggression [OR 4.5, 95% CI 3.4\u20135.9]. Diagnosis, gender and nationality of the patients were not predictive of aggressive behavior towards HCWs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Involuntary admission to a psychiatric ward might be a cause of violent behavior towards health care workers, mainly nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.l8145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T05:59:49Z","timestamp":1250143189000},"page":"349-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Occupational Risk due to Violence in a Psychiatric Ward"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Silvana","family":"Salerno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedicine ENEA Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Dimitri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Biology University La Sapienza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene Fig\u00e0","family":"Talamanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Biology University La Sapienza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"European Foundation for the improvement of living and working condition","author":"Paoli P","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"European Agency for Safety and Health at Work\u2010OSHA.2002.Factsheet n. 24 Violence at work. 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