{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T14:20:14Z","timestamp":1715782814646},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]],"date-time":"2009-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p><jats:bold>Body Mass Index and Serum \u03b3\u2010glutamyltransferase Level as Risk Factors for Injuries Related to Professional Horse Racing: A Prospective Study: Hiroko T<jats:sc>obari<\/jats:sc>, <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. Department of Public Health Medicine, Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevention of horse\u2010related injuries is considered difficult because horse behavior is unpredictable. Therefore, risk factors for injuries related to professional horse racing need to be investigated. We conducted a study to determine whether body mass index (BMI) and \u03b3\u2010glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels are associated with professional horse racing\u2010related injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A baseline healthy survey of 546 male grooms and exercise riders aged 40\u201370 yr working at Miho Training Center, the largest racing\u2010horse training facility in Japan, was performed in May 2003. A total of 93 occupational injuries occurred from June 1, 2003 to December 31, 2005. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine associations between the risk of injury and BMI and GGT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Grooms and exercise riders with BMI &lt;20 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> or with BMI \u226525 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> compared to BMI=20.0\u201322.9 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> had 2.5 to 3.5\u2010fold higher age\u2010adjusted risks of injuries. The multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) after adjustment for age, GGT, smoking habit, and history of injuries were 3.5 (1.5 to 8.4) and 2.4 (1.2 to 4.8) for grooms, 3.1 (1.2 to 8.2) and 1.9 (0.4 to 10.1) for exercise riders, respectively. The age\u2010adjusted hazard ratio of injuries for persons with GGT \u2265100 IU\/<jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic> was 2.0 to 2.5\u2010fold higher than for those with GGT &lt;60 IU\/<jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>. The multivariate hazard ratios were 1.9 (1.0 to 3.6) for grooms and 2.5 (1.0 to 6.2) for exercise riders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low and high BMI and high GGT were associated with professional horse racing\u2010related injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.l8158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T05:59:49Z","timestamp":1250143189000},"page":"323-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Body Mass Index and Serum \u03b3\u2010glutamyltransferase Level as Risk Factors for Injuries Related to Professional Horse Racing: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Tobari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Medicine Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Miho Shinryojo, Horsemen's Benevolent Association, Japan Racing Association Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Medicine Doctoral Programs in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Harvard School of Public Health USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Doctoral Program in Social Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyasu","family":"Iso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"315","volume-title":"Sports injuries: Mechanism, prevention, and treatment","author":"Firth JL","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199707000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084280"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199622030-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.025858"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"Alcohol use and horseback\u2010riding\u2010associated fatalities: North Carolina, 1979\u20131989","volume":"41","author":"Hammett D","year":"1992","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200204000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.10.1326"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.028449"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.19.6.573"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.5.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/216507990605400203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm058"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91593-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh201"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"PI19","article-title":"The Early Detection of Alcohol Consumption (EDAC) test shows better performance than gamma\u2010glutamyltransferase (GGT) to detect heavy drinking in a large population of males and females","volume":"13","author":"Harasymiw J","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Statistics and information department Minister's secretariat Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare Japan.Industrial accident rate by industry and degree of disability.Year Book of Labour Statistics2003;266\u20139."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.45.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"The manual for health check\u2010ups under the medical service law for the aged","author":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600316"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100512"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198903000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199306030-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"837","article-title":"Relationship between skipping breakfast and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the national nutrition survey data","volume":"48","author":"Sakata K","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803360"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345521"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(86)90085-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Recidivism in equestrian trauma","volume":"64","author":"Frankel HL","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11470-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2004.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/50.8.572"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(03)00141-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(02)00089-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Occupational Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1539%2Fjoh.L8158","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.L8158","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1539\/joh.L8158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T18:18:17Z","timestamp":1705083497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/joh\/article\/51\/4\/323-331\/7270156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1539\/joh.L8158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1539\/joh.l8158","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9145","1348-9585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9145","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-9585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}}}