{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T10:44:00Z","timestamp":1784371440680,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JGLD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aims: The coexistence of RAS and BRAF mutations is extremely rare, occurring in approximately 0.05% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Starting from a case presentation, this review aims to examine the prevalence, clinical, histopathological and molecular features of tumors with concomitant mutations.\r\nMethods: Case report and systematic review. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE using the following MeSH terms: \u201ccoexistence\u201d OR \u201cconcomitant\u201d AND \u201cRAS\u201d AND \u201cBRAF\u201d AND \u201ccolorectal cancer\u201d from the inception of the databases onwards.\r\nResults: We present the case of a 53-year-old man diagnosed with metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma with both a KRAS and a BRAF mutation. The review included eleven papers reporting on a total of 30 mCRC cases with concomitant RAS and BRAF mutations. The male\/female ratio was 11\/5. The average age was 58.5 years. The tumor was located in nine cases on the right colon and in two cases in the left colon. 43.3% of subjects had liver metastases, and 6.6% had lung metastases. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used in 36.6% of cases and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 16.6% of cases. KRAS mutations were present in 83.3% of patients and NRAS mutations in 16.6% of patients. Survival could be assessed in 10 patients and the median was 21.1 months (about 30% lower than the survival in the general mCRC population).\r\nConclusion: The results of this systematic review suggest the need to design a cohort study (either prospective or retrospective) to better characterize the patients with concomitant RAS and BRAF mutations and to establish the optimal treatment for this rare situation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld-1003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T01:29:55Z","timestamp":1591925395000},"page":"251-256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Coexistence of RAS and BRAF Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Case Report and Systematic Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.15403","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Vlad-Adrian","family":"Afr\u0103s\u00e2nie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Gafton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai Vasile","family":"Marinca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teodora","family":"Alexa-Stratulat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucian","family":"Miron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Rusu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca-Viorica","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gheorghe G","family":"Balan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adina-Emilia","family":"Croitoru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6121","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"container-title":["Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/download\/1003\/1571","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/download\/1003\/1547","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T21:59:08Z","timestamp":1759787948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/view\/1003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15403\/jgld-1003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1842-1121","1841-8724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1842-1121","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1841-8724","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]}}}