{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:40:42Z","timestamp":1789706442154,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]],"date-time":"2022-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647648000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JGLD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aims: Bacterial infections are associated with high mortality rates in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Early diagnosis with the available diagnostic tools is challenging. Metabolomics is a novel technique with a widespread application in hepatology. The aims of our study were to find new biomarkers for decompensated cirrhosis and for those with overlapping bacterial infections.\r\nMethods: 43 patients with compensated and 54 patients with decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. In patients with decompensation, a complete infectious workup was performed at admission. Blood and ascitic fluid were collected and stored at -80\u00b0 C until performing the metabolomic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Metaboanalyst 4.0 software.\r\nResults: 36 patients (66%) in the decompensated group were infected. Among them, 15 had multiple infections; thus, finally, 52 infections were diagnosed. The main metabolic pathways affected in patients with decompensated cirrhosis were those related to lipid metabolism, involving acylcarnitines, stearic acid derivatives, and 12\/15 HETE-GABA. N-oleoyl ethanolamine was the most promising biomarker for bacterial infection diagnosis. Moreover, prostaglandin E2\/D2\/H2 and N-oleoyl alanine levels were higher in Gram- positive infections and ceramides (d16:2\/18:0), in Gram-negative infections, respectively. L-phenylalanine (m\/z=166.09) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (18:3\/0:0) were the two most relevant identified ascitic biomarkers for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis diagnosis.\r\nConclusions: The lipid and energetic metabolic pathways were the most affected in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and those with overlapping infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld-4034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T16:24:50Z","timestamp":1646756690000},"page":"40-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Blood Metabolomic Signatures to Identify Bacterial Infection in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.15403","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0108-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanca","family":"Pandrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3527-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Crina","family":"Grigoras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4034-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horia","family":"Stefanescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4468-2053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana","family":"Farcau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8263-7923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Tefas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7352-5057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Socaciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8118-1760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Procopet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2847-537X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"6121","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]},"container-title":["Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/download\/4034\/1804","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/download\/4034\/1791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T21:22:52Z","timestamp":1759785772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jgld.ro\/jgld\/index.php\/jgld\/article\/view\/4034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15403\/jgld-4034","relation":{},"ISSN":["1842-1121","1841-8724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1842-1121","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1841-8724","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]}}}