{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:14:23Z","timestamp":1789146863129,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacteremia in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) at our institution and to test the effectiveness of newly developed guidelines for obtaining blood cultures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using recent literature and local expert opinion, institutional guidelines for obtaining blood cultures in pediatric patients with CAP were developed. A retrospective chart review of children treated in the emergency department or admitted for CAP from January 2010 through June 2011 was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including results of blood cultures. \u03c72 tests assessed for variables associated with bacteremia, whether a blood culture was obtained, and if the decision to obtain a culture was appropriate based on our guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study included 330 patients; 155 (47%) blood cultures were obtained in our patient population. Five cultures were true-positive findings, making the prevalence of bacteremia 3.2% in patients with blood cultures and 1.5% in all patients. All 5 true positive results met criteria for blood culture based on our guidelines. Applying our guidelines retrospectively, the decision to obtain a blood culture met criteria in 55% of the cases. Bivariate analysis showed that patients discharged from the emergency department had higher rates of guideline-appropriate decisions than patients admitted. Radiographic findings were associated with making a guideline-appropriate decision regarding blood culture.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Instituting local guidelines that limit the frequency of obtaining blood cultures in pediatric patients with CAP is likely to capture any patient with bacteremia. This study suggests that blood cultures may not need to be routinely obtained in all patients admitted to the hospital with CAP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2012-0050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,27]],"date-time":"2013-09-27T17:51:06Z","timestamp":1380304266000},"page":"92-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["The Prevalence of Bacteremia in Pediatric Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Guidelines to Reduce the Frequency of Obtaining Blood Cultures"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Heine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Cochran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Olivia","family":"Titus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie Lintzenich","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2021120908224713900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70189-0","article-title":"Utility of blood cultures in pediatric patients found to have pneumonia in the emergency department","volume":"27","author":"Hickey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120908224713900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-198812000-00002","article-title":"Bacteremia in febrile children with lobar pneumonia and leukocytosis","volume":"4","author":"Bonadio","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120908224713900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.4.389","article-title":"Risk of bacteremia in young children with pneumonia treated as outpatients","volume":"157","author":"Shah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120908224713900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31820a5adb","article-title":"Blood cultures in the emergency department evaluation of childhood pneumonia","volume":"30","author":"Shah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120908224713900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.78.1.1","article-title":"Use of bacterial antigen detection in the diagnosis of pediatric lower respiratory tract infections","volume":"78","author":"Ramsey","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120908224713900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1278","article-title":"The impact of blood cultures on antibiotic therapy in pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"116","author":"Waterer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120908224713900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2005.05.025","article-title":"Do emergency department blood cultures change practice in patients with pneumonia?","volume":"46","author":"Kennedy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120908224713900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mej.0000188231.45109.ec","article-title":"Blood cultures ordered in the adult emergency department are rarely useful","volume":"13","author":"Mountain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120908224713900_B9","first-page":"446","article-title":"Limited usefulness of initial blood cultures in community acquired pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Corbo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120908224713900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.20.4.347","article-title":"How do blood cultures sent from a paediatric accident and emergency department influence subsequent clinical management?","volume":"20","author":"Leonard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120908224713900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460030071031","article-title":"Contaminant blood cultures and resource utilization. The true consequences of false-positive results","volume":"265","author":"Bates","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120908224713900_B12","first-page":"60","article-title":"Phlebotomy teams reduce blood-culture contamination rate and save money","volume":"6","author":"Surdulescu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Perform Qual Health Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120908224713900_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pec.0000215137.51909.16","article-title":"An analysis of pediatric blood cultures in the postpneumococcal conjugate vaccine era in a community hospital emergency department","volume":"22","author":"Sard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120908224713900_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.1923-1926.1998","article-title":"Blood cultures positive for coagulase-negative staphylococci: antisepsis, pseudobacteremia, and therapy of patients","volume":"36","author":"Souvenir","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120908224713900_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir531","article-title":"The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"53","author":"Bradley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Hospital Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article-pdf\/3\/2\/92\/838866\/hpeds_2012-0050.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article-pdf\/3\/2\/92\/838866\/hpeds_2012-0050.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T02:42:06Z","timestamp":1639104126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article\/3\/2\/92\/73362\/The-Prevalence-of-Bacteremia-in-Pediatric-Patients"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/hpeds.2012-0050","relation":{},"ISSN":["2154-1663","2154-1671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2154-1663","type":"print"},{"value":"2154-1671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]}}}