{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:25:15Z","timestamp":1789647915518,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this study was to determine physician management choices for hospitalized premature infants with bronchiolitis compared with term infants and to evaluate predictors of steroid use in premature infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A chart review was conducted of premature and nonpremature infants admitted to 2 children\u2019s hospitals with bronchiolitis. Reviewers selected charts based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis codes and collected demographic and historical information, as well as evaluation, treatment, treatment effectiveness, length of stay, hospital readmission rates, and adverse outcomes. Reviewers compared documented rates of utilization and effectiveness of inhaled racemic epinephrine and albuterol between patients with and without a history of prematurity. Patients with a history of prematurity underwent subgroup analysis of factors relating to steroid use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1223 patients met the study criteria for inclusion. Premature infants represented 19% of all children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. These infants had a longer length of stay (3.8 vs 2.6 days; P &amp;lt; .001) and a more severe hospital course. Rates of inhaled therapy and steroid utilization did not differ between premature and term infants. There was no difference in rates of documented positive response to albuterol, but premature infants were more likely to have a positive response to epinephrine. Steroid use in premature infants was associated with older age, history of wheeze, and albuterol use; documentation of albuterol efficacy did not correlate with steroid use, however.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Management decisions among term and premature infants with bronchiolitis were similar. Premature infants who received albuterol were more likely to receive steroids; however, the decision regarding steroid use was not associated with documentation of efficacy of albuterol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2012-0071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,27]],"date-time":"2013-09-27T17:52:00Z","timestamp":1380304320000},"page":"244-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Clinical Management of Preterm Infants With Bronchiolitis"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Alverson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell J.","family":"McCulloh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Dawson-Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Smitherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri, Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbia, Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin L.","family":"Koehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri, Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbia, Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2021120908230572800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1193","article-title":"Direct medical costs of bronchiolitis hospitalizations in the United States","volume":"118","author":"Pelletier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120908230572800_B2","first-page":"543","article-title":"Risk of primary infection and reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus","volume":"140","author":"Glezen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"2021120908230572800_B3","first-page":"78","article-title":"Preterm births\u2014United States, 2007","volume":"60","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"issue":"15","key":"2021120908230572800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.15.1440","article-title":"Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children, 1980-1996","volume":"282","author":"Shay","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120908230572800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.85.6.463","article-title":"Health care utilisation of infants with chronic lung disease, related to hospitalisation for RSV infection","volume":"85","author":"Greenough","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120908230572800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2004.06.015","article-title":"Rehospitalisations for respiratory disease and respiratory syncytial virus infection in preterm infants of 29-36 weeks gestational age","volume":"50","author":"Resch","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120908230572800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70547-3","article-title":"Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) prospective study of risk factors and outcomes in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021120908230572800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02934.x","article-title":"EPIPAGE Study Group. 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