{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:48:41Z","timestamp":1784198921623,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children treated with chronic medications are at risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) when hospitalized with an acute illness and prescribed new medications. We aimed to measure the prevalence of potential DDIs (pDDIs) among hospitalized children treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and to evaluate the impact of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) on pDDIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed a national sample of pediatric hospitalizations from 2005 to 2012 associated with administration of an AED and identified those prescribed a second medication with risk of a DDI. The prevalence of hospitalizations associated with a pDDI was calculated for each AED. We identified the drugs most commonly implicated in pDDIs and factors associated with pDDIs. Rates of pDDIs were measured in pre- and post-CPOE implementation periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pDDI was identified in 181\u2009380 (41.7%) hospitalizations associated with the use of an AED, with 117\u2009880 (27.1%) classified as severe pDDIs. AEDs most often implicated with a pDDI were phenobarbital, valproic acid, and phenytoin. Hospitalizations with pDDIs were associated with increased length of stay and a greater number of medications, ICU admissions, and operating room procedures. The implementation of CPOE did not result in a change in the rate of pDDIs (42.7% before versus 40.8% after; P = .48).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children treated with AEDs are at risk of pDDIs while hospitalized. The use of CPOE has not been associated with a significant decrease in the rate of pDDIs. Additional investigation to better define the impact of pDDIs and to advance development of clinical decision support within CPOE systems is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2015-0249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]],"date-time":"2016-05-02T08:33:36Z","timestamp":1462178016000},"page":"282-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Drug-Drug Interactions Among Hospitalized Children Receiving Chronic Antiepileptic Drug Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mollie Blazar","family":"Lebowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marvin B.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021120817462685500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03443.x","article-title":"Frequency and nature of drug-drug interactions in a Dutch university hospital","volume":"68","author":"Zwart-van Rijkom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120817462685500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1395","article-title":"Analysis of potential drug-drug interactions in medical intensive care unit patients","volume":"34","author":"Uijtendaal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120817462685500_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.13001.x","article-title":"The importance of drug interactions in epilepsy therapy","volume":"43","author":"Patsalos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120817462685500_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.1999.00660313","article-title":"The impact of computerized physician order entry on medication error prevention","volume":"6","author":"Bates","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"16","key":"2021120817462685500_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.16.2114","article-title":"Medication errors and adverse drug events in pediatric inpatients","volume":"285","author":"Kaushal","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120817462685500_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.09.021","article-title":"First-drug treatment failures in children newly diagnosed with epilepsy","volume":"40","author":"Dudley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"2021120817462685500_B7","volume-title":"Child Neurology","author":"Menkes","year":"2005","edition":"7th ed."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120817462685500_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02529.x","article-title":"Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs","volume":"61","author":"Perucca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120817462685500_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03942.x","article-title":"Frequency of hospitalization after exposure to known drug-drug interactions in a Medicaid population","volume":"18","author":"Hamilton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2021120817462685500_B10","unstructured":"Children's Hospital Association. 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