{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T20:45:18Z","timestamp":1793738718046,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospitals are employing more nurse practitioners and physician assistants on inpatient pediatric units. With this study, we compared patient outcomes in high-volume inpatient diagnoses on pediatric hospital medicine services staffed by attending physician hospitalists and residents (hospitalist and resident service [HRS]) with 1 staffed by attending physician hospitalists and advanced practice providers (HAPPS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A historical cohort study was implemented by using administrative data for patients admitted to HRS and HAPPS from 2007 to 2011 with asthma, bronchiolitis, cellulitis, and pneumonia with severity levels 1 and 2 for all-patient refined diagnosis-related groups. Length of stay, readmission, ICU transfer, and hospital charges were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>After controlling for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic differences, the average probability of discharge was 10% greater each day (event ratio [ER] = 1.1 [1.06\u20131.14]) on HAPPS compared with HRS. By diagnosis, this trend persisted with asthma (ER = 1.07 [1.02\u20131.12]), cellulitis (ER = 1.2 [1.1\u20131.3]), and pneumonia (ER = 1.17 [1.08\u20131.28]) but not for bronchiolitis (ER = 0.99 [0.92\u20131.06]). Both 3- and 30-day readmissions were higher for HRS discharges with bronchiolitis (odds ratio = 5.9 [1.3\u201328.6] and 2.0 [1.3\u20133.3], respectively) but not for the other diagnoses. Hospital charges were 13% higher for patients on HRS than HAPPS. ICU transfers did not differ statistically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Within the limitations of the design, HAPPS performed at least as well as HRS with respect to length of stay, readmissions, ICU transfers, and charges for 4 of the most common inpatient diagnoses with severity levels 1 to 2. Indicated in these results is that in this configuration, advanced practice providers on pediatric hospitalist services represent a viable model for other institutions to consider and test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2018-0028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T14:27:29Z","timestamp":1549031249000},"page":"121-128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Patient Outcomes in a Pediatric Hospital Medicine Service Staffed With Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Craig","family":"DeWolfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hospitalist Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Birch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Advanced Practice Nursing and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Callen 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