{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:03:48Z","timestamp":1792202628354,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Free thyroxine (fT4) is often ordered when not indicated. The goal of the current study was to use quality improvement tools to identify and implement an optimal approach to reduce inappropriate fT4 testing throughout a large pediatric hospital system.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After reviewing evidence-based guidelines and best practices, a thyroid-stimulating hormone with reflex to fT4 test and an outpatient thyroid order panel with clinical decision support at order entry, along with several rounds of provider education and feedback, were implemented. Outpatient and inpatient order sets and system preference lists were reviewed with subject matter experts and revised when appropriate. Tracking metrics were identified. Automated monthly run charts and statistical process control charts were created using data retrieved from the electronic health record. Charts established baseline data, balancing measure data, monitored the impact of interventions, and identified future interventions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over a 44-month period, among nonendocrinology providers, a reduction in fT4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone co-orders from 67% to 15% and an increase in reflex fT4 tests from 0% to 77% was obtained in inpatient and outpatient settings. Direct cost savings as a result of performing 5179 fewer fT4 tests over 3 years was determined to be $45\u2009800.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After implementation of a reflex fT4 test, a novel order panel with clinical decision support, provider education, and changes to ordering modes, a large and sustainable reduction in fT4 tests that was associated with significant cost savings was achieved among nonendocrinology providers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2023-007371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T08:07:01Z","timestamp":1706083621000},"page":"116-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Promoting Choosing Wisely Thyroid Function Test Guidelines in a Large Pediatric Hospital System"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ilka","family":"Warshawsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Lemerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Gunkelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"},{"name":"cDivision of Pediatric Hospital Medicine"},{"name":"fDepartment of Quality Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rathna","family":"Mandalapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"},{"name":"dDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen K.","family":"Uli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"},{"name":"dDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"eDepartment of Enterprise Data and Analytics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie","family":"Engler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"fDepartment of Quality Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April M.","family":"Love","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"fDepartment of Quality Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel R.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Baccon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Bigham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bDepartment of Pediatrics"},{"name":"fDepartment of Quality Services"},{"name":"gDivision of Critical Care Services, Akron Children\u2019s Hospital, Akron, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2024020102585760100_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.3.759","article-title":"The triple aim: care, health, and cost","volume":"27","author":"Berwick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"17","key":"2024020102585760100_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.476","article-title":"Choosing wisely: helping physicians and patients make smart decisions about their care","volume":"307","author":"Cassel","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024020102585760100_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78962","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078962","article-title":"The landscape of inappropriate laboratory testing: a 15-year meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zhi","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024020102585760100_B4","volume-title":"GP49. 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