{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:51:41Z","timestamp":1794030701695,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Some Minnesota clinicians perceive that the incidence of prophylactic vitamin K refusal is increasing, yet the actual incidence and which populations are most likely to refuse is unknown. Our objective is to identify the incidence of vitamin K refusal and to characterize the maternal-newborn dyads with increased refusal rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective multi-institution study analyzed vitamin K refusal in newborns born from 2015 to 2019. Maternal-newborn dyad delivery and community characteristics (language, religion, population size) were collected and analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 102\u2009451 term infants, 1.3% did not receive intramuscular vitamin K. Refusal increased from 0.9% in 2015 to 1.6% by 2019 (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.0001). In multivariable analysis, factors associated with increased likelihood of refusal included female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% CI 1.09\u20131.36), exclusive human milk feeding at hospital discharge (OR 3.46, 95% CI 2.87\u20134.17), parity greater than 0 (OR ranging from 1.32 [95% CI 1.13\u20131.54] for parity of 1, to 3.70 [95% CI 2.80\u20134.90] for parity of 4), having a midwife at delivery (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.45\u20132.01), public insurance (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.60\u20132.12), and Russian language (OR 4.92, 95% CI 2.90\u20138.35). Some religious identities had higher refusal rates (ie, Pentecostal 7.0%, Baptist 3.3%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a cohort of Minnesota hospital-born infants, the incidence of vitamin K refusal increased between 2015 and 2019. We identified large populations (eg, public insurance, exclusive human milk feeding) and smaller discrete communities (eg, Russian, Pentecostal) with opportunities for increasing prophylactic vitamin K acceptance through targeted community conversations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2024-008002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T18:16:01Z","timestamp":1736964961000},"page":"149-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characterizing Vitamin K Refusal in Term Hospital-Born Infants in Minnesota, 2015\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Caroline L. 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