{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:18:08Z","timestamp":1791476288806,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have comorbidities predisposing them to higher risk for sedation-related adverse events (AEs). Our objective was to compare sedation-related AEs in children with and without ASD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a multicenter study of children aged 3\u201318\u00a0years with and without ASD who underwent sedation outside the operating room from May 1, 2022, to April 30, 2023, using the Pediatric Sedation Research Consortium database. The primary exposure was ASD diagnosis. We compared AEs in children with and without ASD after matching for age, sex, procedure, and American Society of Anesthesiologists classification.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 64\u2009708 children analyzed, 4421 (6.8%) had an ASD diagnosis. A higher proportion of children with ASD were male (75.4% vs 54.7%), obese (6.0% vs 2.9%), and had a comorbid condition (93.5% vs 40.3%). Matched analysis showed no significant difference in critical AEs (odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.23\u20131.49). However, children with ASD had greater odds of high risk (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.26\u20131.83) and low-risk AEs (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.25\u20131.55) compared with children without ASD. Specifically, children with ASD had greater odds of hypoxia (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10\u20131.56) and complete (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.27\u20132.81) or partial (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.25\u20131.63) airway obstruction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with ASD are at a higher risk for sedation-related airway AEs and significant respiratory interventions, although the incidence of critical AEs was low.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2024-008153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T20:02:30Z","timestamp":1744747350000},"page":"398-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison of Procedural Sedation Outcomes in\u00a0Children With and Without Autism Spectrum\u00a0Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nirupama","family":"Kannikeswaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark G.","family":"Roback","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca K.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Barrowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Sucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maala","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(S1)(suppl 1)","key":"2025072210022040800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2019.09.09","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation","volume":"9","author":"Hodges","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr."},{"issue":"13","key":"2025072210022040800_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6513a1","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8\u00a0years \u2013 autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2012","volume":"65","author":"Christensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072210022040800_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-016-2953-8","article-title":"A profile on emergency department utilization in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025072210022040800_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1830-y","article-title":"Do children with autism overutilize the emergency department? 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