{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T09:38:09Z","timestamp":1792834689333,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk for hospitalization and intensive care owing to respiratory illnesses; however, current research does not specify which co-occurring diagnoses increase this risk throughout childhood. We aim to decrease morbidity by focusing outpatient care on the most critical diagnoses. This study examines which co-occurring diagnoses increase the risk of hospitalization and need for intensive care owing to respiratory tract infections in a large cohort of children with DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective review of children with DS (n\u2009=\u20092327), receiving care from a large clinic for children with DS between 2011 and 2023, evaluated clinical data and hospitalizations. Admission diagnosis, intensive care unit (ICU) support, co-occurring diagnoses, and demographics were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty percent (n\u2009=\u2009703) of children with DS had a hospital admission owing to respiratory illness, with 340 (48.4%) having more than one inpatient stay and 65 (9.2%) requiring ICU care. Most common admission reasons were pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and respiratory failure\/distress. Median age at first admission was 2.0\u00a0years (mean\u2009=\u20093.0\u00a0years; SD\u2009=\u20094.3). Children diagnosed with chronic lung disease had 2.15 times higher odds of having a respiratory-related hospitalization. Children with chronic lung disease, dysphagia with aspiration, deep laryngeal penetration without aspiration, obstructive sleep apnea, asthma\/reactive airway disease, pulmonary hypertension, laryngomalacia, and Medicaid insurance status were more likely to require multiple hospital admissions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with DS have a high rate of hospital admissions related to respiratory tract infections. Co-occurring pulmonary diagnoses increase the risk of recurrent hospitalizations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2025-008731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:02:32Z","timestamp":1784678552000},"page":"700-708","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Respiratory-Related Hospital Admissions in Children and Young Adults With Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"DeBoer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine","family":"Wolter-Warmerdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwen","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Maybee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kelminson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"2Anna and John J. Sie Center for Down Syndrome, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado"},{"name":"2Anna and John J. 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