{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:13:34Z","timestamp":1780406014262,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In-hospital neonatal head injuries are rare but potentially serious. Information regarding their mechanisms, management, and outcomes during the early postnatal period is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is an analysis of data collected as part of a multicenter retrospective study on neonatal head trauma between 2017 and 2021, involving 15 Italian maternity units. Patients included were newborns (aged &amp;lt;29\u00a0days) who sustained head trauma as a result of an in-hospital fall during routine postnatal hospitalization. Delivery-related injuries were excluded. Neonatal complications and prematurity were not considered as exclusion criteria. Clinical data, imaging, and outcomes were collected. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rule for children &amp;lt;2\u00a0years was applied retrospectively to assess the risk of clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) and to evaluate physician adherence to this prediction rule.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-nine newborns sustained an in-hospital fall, with a median age at injury of 32\u00a0hours; 64.1% occurred at night, mainly in rooming-in units. Neuroimaging was performed in 89.7% of cases. Ten neonates (25.6%) had a ciTBI; none required neurosurgery or developed sequelae. The median length of stay after the head injury was 86\u00a0hours (IQR, 48\u2013120), significantly longer than standard postnatal hospitalization. Most low-risk patients (88.9%) nonetheless underwent imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In-hospital neonatal head injuries are mostly low-severity events but lead to extensive diagnostic workup and prolonged hospitalization. This study provides novel insight into mechanisms and management patterns, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies and standardized evaluation protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2025-008952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:03:09Z","timestamp":1778803389000},"page":"509-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In-Hospital Neonatal Head Injury: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Iuri","family":"Corsini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Cecchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Giacalone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Aceti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS AOU Bologna, Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"4Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Francescato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Santo Stefano Hospital, Prato, AUSL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Chiaretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Bernardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Pediatric Unit, \u201cSan Giuseppe\u201d Hospital, Empoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Vasarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Pediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Santo Stefano Hospital, Prato, AUSL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Grosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Institute of Pediatrics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Magi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"10UOSD Neonatology and UTIN, Arezzo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Centenari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"11Division of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Ospedale Versilia, Viareggio, AUSL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Navari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"11Division of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Ospedale Versilia, Viareggio, AUSL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Coccolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"12Neonatology Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rino","family":"Agostiniani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"13Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale San Jacopo, Pistoia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Cerbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"14Neonatology Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamim","family":"Ficial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"15Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Dani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Parri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026060208414888900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200611000-00008","article-title":"Nonfatal traumatic brain injury-related hospitalization in very young children-15 states, 1999","volume":"21","author":"Eisele","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026060208414888900_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.17.5.334","article-title":"Neonatal head injuries","volume":"17","author":"Graham","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Accid Emerg Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026060208414888900_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2018-0021","article-title":"Newborn falls in a large tertiary academic center over 13\u00a0years","volume":"8","author":"Loyal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026060208414888900_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e277","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3811","article-title":"In-hospital falls of newborn infants: data from a multihospital health care system","volume":"122","author":"Monson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026060208414888900_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2020-0112","article-title":"In-Hospital Newborn Falls Associated With a Sleeping Parent: The Case for a New Paradigm","volume":"10","author":"Duthie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026060208414888900_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17420","article-title":"Management of neonatal head injuries: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"114","author":"Parri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"issue":"9696","key":"2026060208414888900_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61558-0","article-title":"Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study","volume":"374","author":"Kuppermann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026060208414888900_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.3.PEDS16651","article-title":"Variation in management of in-hospital newborn falls: a single-center experience","volume":"20","author":"Kahn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026060208414888900_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026060208414888900_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14736","article-title":"Neonatal head injuries: a prospective Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative cohort study","volume":"56","author":"Eapen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026060208414888900_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"61","author":"von Elm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026060208414888900_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0b013e3182a1fb91","article-title":"Preventing in-hospital newborn falls: a literature review","volume":"38","author":"Matteson","year":"2013","journal-title":"MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026060208414888900_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1767576","article-title":"Does every newborn need an imaging study after a fall? Case series and literature review","volume":"35","author":"Beachy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026060208414888900_r14","first-page":"327","article-title":"Addressing in-hospital \u201cfalls\u201d of newborn infants","volume":"36","author":"Helsley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026060208414888900_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20161889","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1889","article-title":"Safe Sleep and Skin-to-Skin Care in the Neonatal Period for Healthy Term Newborns","volume":"138","author":"Feldman-Winter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026060208414888900_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JPN.0000270626.66369.26","article-title":"Sleep disturbance in late pregnancy and early labor","volume":"21","author":"Beebe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Perinat Neonatal Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026060208414888900_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-017-0442-0","article-title":"Italian guidelines on the assessment and management of pediatric head injury in the emergency department","volume":"44","author":"Da Dalt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026060208414888900_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190419","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0419","article-title":"Feasibility and accuracy of fast MRI versus CT for traumatic brain injury in young children","volume":"144","author":"Lindberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026060208414888900_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2017-0211","article-title":"A Hospital-Based Initiative to Reduce Postdischarge Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths","volume":"8","author":"Krugman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026060208414888900_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0505","article-title":"Projected lifetime cancer risks from current computed tomography imaging","volume":"185","author":"Smith-Bindman","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026060208414888900_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502098","article-title":"Medical imaging and pediatric and adolescent hematologic cancer risk","volume":"393","author":"Smith-Bindman","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."}],"container-title":["Hospital Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article-pdf\/16\/6\/509\/1932236\/hosppeds.2025008952.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article-pdf\/16\/6\/509\/1932236\/hosppeds.2025008952.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:41:54Z","timestamp":1780404114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/hospitalpediatrics\/article\/16\/6\/509\/207536\/In-Hospital-Neonatal-Head-Injury-A-Multicenter"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/hpeds.2025-008952","relation":{},"ISSN":["2154-1663","2154-1671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2154-1663","type":"print"},{"value":"2154-1671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]}}}