{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T14:01:05Z","timestamp":1793196065113,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is often secondary to parenchymal lung disease (such as meconium aspiration syndrome) or lung hypoplasia (with congenital diaphragmatic hernia) but can also be idiopathic. PPHN is characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting in right-to-left shunting of blood and hypoxemia. The diagnosis of PPHN is based on clinical evidence of labile hypoxemia often associated with differential cyanosis and confirmed by echocardiography. Lung volume recruitment with optimal use of positive end-expiratory pressure or mean airway pressure and\/or surfactant is very important in secondary PPHN due to parenchymal lung disease. Other management strategies include optimal oxygenation, avoiding respiratory and metabolic acidosis, blood pressure stabilization, sedation, and pulmonary vasodilator therapy. Failure of these measures leads to consideration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, although this rescue therapy is needed less frequently with advances in medical management. Randomized clinical trials with long-term follow-up are required to evaluate various therapeutic strategies in PPHN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.16-12-e680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]],"date-time":"2015-12-01T04:33:56Z","timestamp":1448944436000},"page":"e680-e692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Satyan","family":"Lakshminrusimha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Keszler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Providence, RI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1, pt 1","key":"2021121007220231900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.1.14","article-title":"Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in the era before nitric oxide: practice variation and outcomes","volume":"105","author":"Walsh-Sukys","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007220231900_B2","first-page":"157","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn","volume":"16","author":"Bendapudi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121007220231900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070439","article-title":"Pulmonary circulation in the foetus and new-born","volume":"22","author":"Dawes","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121007220231900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.5.1068","article-title":"Role of the pulmonary circulation in the distribution of human fetal cardiac output during the second half of pregnancy","volume":"94","author":"Rasanen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121007220231900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30039-3","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular biology during neonatal transition","volume":"26","author":"Lakshminrusimha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"14","key":"2021121007220231900_B6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn","volume":"1","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol. 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