{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T11:01:53Z","timestamp":1778583713304,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings are classified into 3 categories per the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development guidelines. There exists broad consensus on the recognition and management of categories I and III. However, a category II FHR tracing is considered \u201cindeterminate\u201d and cannot be classified as either reassuring or non-reassuring. Absence of variability and high frequency and increased depth of decelerations are the key determining factors that make a category II tracing non-reassuring and are associated with fetal metabolic acidosis. Periodic category II tracing is present in the majority of normal laboring patients. In the setting of a category II tracing, an initial attempt should be made for in utero resuscitation of the fetus. If the tracing fails to improve over a period of 1 to 2 hours, or the fetal tracing gradually deteriorates, a decision should be made for operative vaginal or cesarean delivery. Category II tracing management algorithms can aid in decision-making in this uncertain clinical scenario. Team training and simulation may improve team performance and have a positive impact on neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.22-2-e88","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T10:31:04Z","timestamp":1612175464000},"page":"e88-e94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fetal Heart Rate Tracing Category II: A Broad Category in Need of Stratification"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"G. Shilkrut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Medical College, Metropolitan Hospital, NYC Health+Hospitals, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"C. Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandr","family":"M. 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