{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:22:50Z","timestamp":1791937370669,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective.\u2003Because the survival rate has increased for extremely low birth weight neonates, many have raised the concern that the rate of developmental disability among survivors will also increase. To address this concern, we analyzed changes over time in survival and major neurosensory impairment in a sample of extremely low birth weight infants born between July 1, 1979, and June 30, 1994.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods.\u2003The study sample included 513 infants with birth weights of 501 to 800 g who were cared for in either of the two neonatal intensive care units that serve a 17-county region in northwest North Carolina and who were born to mothers residing in that region. At 1 year of age (corrected for gestation), survivors were examined by a pediatrician and were tested using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Major neurosensory impairment was defined as cerebral palsy, a Bayley Mental Developmental Index &amp;lt;68, or blindness. A total of 209\/216 (97%) of survivors were examined at 1 year of age. Epoch of birth was defined as follows: epoch 1, July 1, 1979 to June 30, 1984; epoch 2, July 1, 1984 to June 30, 1989; and epoch 3, July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1994.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results.\u2003Survival rates for epochs 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 24\/120 (20%), 63\/175 (36%), and 129\/218 (59%). In contrast, the proportions with a major neurosensory impairment did not increase over time; rates for successive epochs were 6\/24 (25%), 17\/61 (28%), and 26\/124 (21%). Rates of cerebral palsy were 3\/24 (13%), 12\/61 (20%), and 9\/124 (7%); rates of delayed mental development were 4\/24 (17%), 12\/61 (20%), and 17\/124 (14%); and rates of blindness were 2\/24 (8%), 0\/62, and 5\/124 (4%), respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions.\u2003This analysis suggests that the increasing survival of extremely low birth weight neonates since the late 1970s has not resulted in an increased rate of major developmental problems identifiable at 1 year of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:40:17Z","timestamp":1092440417000},"page":"982-986","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Survival and Developmental Disability in Infants With Birth Weights of 501 to 800 Grams, Born Between 1979 and 1994"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"T. Michael","family":"O'Shea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Pediatrics, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt L.","family":"Klinepeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Pediatrics, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald J.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Pediatrics, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara W.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Pediatrics, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Dillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Pediatrics, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121000251406900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(89)80150-7","article-title":"Decreased disability rate among 3-year survivors weighing 501 to 1000 grams at birth and born to residents of a geographically defined region from 1981 to 1984 compared with 1977 to 1980.","volume":"114","author":"Saigal","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.5.931","article-title":"Outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants.","volume":"98","author":"Hack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.5.750","article-title":"Population-based study of the incidence, complexity, and severity of neurologic disability among survivors weighing 500 through 1250 grams at birth: a comparison of two birth cohorts.","volume":"90","author":"Robertson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B4","first-page":"479","article-title":"Outcome of infants weighing less than 800 grams at birth: 15 years' experience.","volume":"96","author":"La Pine TR, Jackson C, Bennett FC","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82215-2","article-title":"Changing two-year outcome of infants weighing 500 to 999 grams at birth: a hospital study.","volume":"118","author":"Kitchen","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311253292201","article-title":"The limit of viability\u2014neonatal outcome of infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation.","volume":"329","author":"Allen","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198912143212405","article-title":"Outcomes of extremely-low-birth-weight infants between 1982 and 1988.","volume":"321","author":"Hack","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2021121000251406900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.6.971","article-title":"Overtreatment of neonates? 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