{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:17:10Z","timestamp":1791487030310,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective.\u2003To compare the clinical effect of breastfeedings and bottle feedings in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (birth weight \u2264800 g).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods.\u2003A total of 12 ELBW infants (mean birth weight, 672 \u00b1 95 g; mean gestation, 26 \u00b1 2 weeks) served as their own controls in this prospective study comparing physiologic parameters during bottle and breastfeeding. The infants were put to breast the same week they began on bottle feedings of human milk or premature infant formula (mean gestation, 35 weeks). One breastfeeding and one bottle feeding were observed each day for 10 days. Pre- and postfeeding weights were measured, and oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and axillary temperature were monitored continuously and recorded every minute during feedings.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results.\u2003The infants demonstrated a higher oxygen saturation and a higher temperature during breastfeeding than during bottle feeding, and were less likely to desaturate to &amp;lt;90% oxygen during breastfeeding. Mean weight gain was greater during bottle feeding than during breastfeeding (31 vs 9 g).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions.\u2003Breastfeeding the ELBW infant is desirable from a standpoint of improved physiologic responses, but such practice requires breastfeeding support and possible supplementation to optimize weight gain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.e3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:40:17Z","timestamp":1092440417000},"page":"e3-e3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Breastfeeding Infants Who Were Extremely Low Birth Weight"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Jo Ann","family":"Blaymore Bier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and the"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and the"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesenia","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill A.","family":"Liebling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; and the"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty R.","family":"Vohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121000250342800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80858-3","article-title":"Breast-feeding of very low birth weight infants.","volume":"123","author":"Bier","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-198801000-00008","article-title":"Bottle- and breast-feeding: effects on transcutaneous oxygen pressure and temperature in preterm infants.","volume":"37","author":"Meier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-198511000-00009","article-title":"Breast-feeding behavior of small preterm infants.","volume":"10","author":"Meier","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Matern Child Nurs."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-198703000-00006","article-title":"Responses of small preterm infants to bottle- and breast-feeding.","volume":"12","author":"Meier","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Matern Child Nurs."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/00005237-198807000-00007","article-title":"Nursing management of breast-feeding for preterm infants.","volume":"2","author":"McCoy","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Perinat Neonat Nurs."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/35.5.241","article-title":"Postnatal weight gain of exclusively breast-fed preterm African infants.","volume":"35","author":"Muhadhia","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.54.11.897","article-title":"Breast milk and breast-feeding in very low birth weight infants.","volume":"54","author":"Pearce","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B8"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197704000-00030","article-title":"A simplified assessment of gestational age.","volume":"11","author":"Ballard","year":"1977","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B10","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Rehospitalization of very-low-birth-weight infants.","volume":"142","author":"Combs-Rome","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1986.tb113768.x","article-title":"Very low birthweight and normal birthweight infants. A comparison of continuing morbidity.","volume":"145","author":"Ford","year":"1986","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(09)90012-9","article-title":"Health of very low birth weight children during their first eight years.","volume":"122","author":"Hack","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80360-5","article-title":"The value of human milk in prevention of infection in the high-risk low-birth-weight infant.","volume":"99","author":"Narayanan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B14"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80007-3","article-title":"Effects of prematurity on the immunologic system in human milk.","volume":"101","author":"Goldman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.72.3.312","article-title":"Serum immunoglobulins in preterm infants: comparison of human milk and formula feeding.","volume":"72","author":"Savilahti","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/40.3.465","article-title":"Immunoglobulin A level in human milk from mothers delivering preterm.","volume":"40","author":"Ronayne de Ferrer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021121000250342800_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91329-7","article-title":"Breast milk and subsequent intelligence quotient in children born preterm.","volume":"339","author":"Lucas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/100\/6\/e3\/891077\/e3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/100\/6\/e3\/891077\/e3.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T07:03:53Z","timestamp":1639119833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/100\/6\/e3\/61912\/Breastfeeding-Infants-Who-Were-Extremely-Low-Birth"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.100.6.e3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-4275","0031-4005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]}}}