{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T10:34:15Z","timestamp":1774262055731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives.<\/jats:title>\n To determine whether adjunctive therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) could reverse the neutropenia and reduce the incidence of sepsis (\u226428 days postnatal age) in neonates with prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia compared with conventional therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design.<\/jats:title>\n An intravenous infusion of rhG-CSF (10 \u03bcg\/kg\/day \u00d7 3 days for 10 neonates or 5 \u03bcg\/kg\/day \u00d7 3 days for 5 neonates) was administered to ventilated patients with prolonged (\u22653 consecutive days in the first postnatal week) preeclampsia-associated neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] &lt;1500\/mm3). Neutrophilic responses and the incidence of neonatal sepsis in the next 28 postnatal days were compared with 13 case-matched control neonates who also had prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia. Sepsis was defined as at least one positive blood culture in a newly symptomatic neonate treated with antibiotics for \u22657 days.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results.<\/jats:title>\n No significant differences existed among the three groups in the birth weight, gestational age, sex, growth retardation, method of delivery, magnitude of respiratory support, use of surfactant, usage of intravascular catheters, or in the initial (pretreatment) ANC. The average baseline ANC (pretreatment) in the 10-\u03bcg rhG-CSF group was 815 \u00b1 169\/mm3 (mean \u00b1 SEM), in the 5 \u03bcg group it was 786 \u00b1 165\/mm3, and in the conventional group it was 965 \u00b1 283. Eighteen of 28 (64%) neonates with preeclampsia-associated neutropenia were neutropenic at birth, the other 10 (36%) had normal neutrophil counts at birth but subsequently developed \u22653 days of neutropenia between 24 and 120 hours after birth. The ANC increased by 2-fold at 24 hours, by 4-fold at 72 hours, and 14-fold by the 7th day in the 10-\u03bcg group. In the 5-\u03bcg group, a 2-fold and 5-fold increase occurred at 72 hours and 7 days, respectively. In the conventionally-treated group, only a 4-fold increase was seen as late as 7 days after achieving entry criteria. Sepsis was observed in 13% (2\/15) of the rhG-CSF-treated neonates compared with an incidence of 54% (7\/13) in the conventionally-treated neonates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n rhG-CSF increases the ANC significantly (at 10 \u03bcg\/kg\/day \u00d7 3 days) and reduces the incidence of neonatal sepsis in critically ill ventilated neonates with prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia when compared with conventional therapy. A future prospective, randomized, and blinded trial is needed to validate the beneficial effects of prophylactic rhG-CSF therapy in neonates with prolonged preeclampsia-associated neutropenia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:44:32Z","timestamp":1092440672000},"page":"1107-1111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Preliminary Report: rhG-CSF May Reduce the Incidence of Neonatal Sepsis in Prolonged Preeclampsia-associated Neutropenia"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Prabhakar","family":"Kocherlakota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 From the Departments of Pediatrics and Neurobiology, State University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmund F.","family":"La Gamma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 From the Departments of Pediatrics and Neurobiology, State University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121000254272900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908313210901","article-title":"Incidence, neutrophil kinetics, and natural history of neonatal neutropenia associated with maternal hypertension.","volume":"321","author":"Koenig","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2021121000254272900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83294-9","article-title":"Increased incidence of sepsis at birth in neutropenic infants of mothers with preeclampsia.","volume":"125","author":"Doran","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121000254272900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80653-7","article-title":"Neonatal manifestations of severe maternal hypertension occurring before the thirty-sixth week of pregnancy.","volume":"100","author":"Brazy","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2021121000254272900_B4","first-page":"76","article-title":"Effect of maternal hypertension on neonatal neutropenia and risk of nosocomial infection.","volume":"94","author":"Mouzinho","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121000254272900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1996.tb01537.x","article-title":"Neonatal neutropenia and thrombocytopenia following maternal hypertension.","volume":"32","author":"Fraser","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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