{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T21:58:38Z","timestamp":1767650318348,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess intellect and adaptive behavior in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) who had undergone at least two surgical stages of the Norwood procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen children with HLHS &amp;gt;3 years of age participated in the study. The patients underwent intelligence quotient (IQ) testing, and their parents were interviewed regarding their children's adaptive behavior. Results were compared with those of 10 family controls. Outcomes were studied for possible correlation with perioperative variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the HLHS patients, the median scores for full scale IQ and adaptive behavior were 88 and 91, respectively (normal = 100 \u00b1 15). One child met criteria for mental retardation. Family controls scored generally higher than did HLHS patients, but only differences in adaptive behavior were statistically significant. A negative correlation was found between stage I circulatory arrest time and full scale IQ.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with HLHS most often function in the low-normal range of intelligence and adaptive behavior. A prolonged circulatory arrest time may result in decreased intellectual function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:44:32Z","timestamp":1092440672000},"page":"1148-1152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Early Developmental Outcome After the Norwood Procedure for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Kern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia\u2013Presbyterian Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics; and the"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica J.","family":"Hinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GH Sergievsky Center and Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy 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