{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:10:16Z","timestamp":1785499816585,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate sequential neuroradiologic changes in the brains of infants after transient neonatal hypoglycemia. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) head scans.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eighteen symptomatic full-term infants whose serum glucose concentrations were \u226445 mg\/dL (2.5 mmol\/L) without any other diseases were included in the hypoglycemic group. MRI and US head scans were performed at full-term age and at the age of 2 months. The imaging results were compared with the findings of MRI and US scans in 19 healthy normoglycemic term newborn infants at the respective ages. The neurologic outcome was followed in the both groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MRI or US showed evidence of abnormality in 39% the hypoglycemic infants. MRI detected more abnormalities in the brains than US. Four infants showed patchy hyperintensity lesions either in the occipital periventicular white matter or the thalamus on T1-weighted images. These lesions had a good tendency to recover and only 1 of these infants appeared to be neurologically affected. Of the 19 controls, 10% (2 of 19) had caudothalamic cysts, which were detected both with MRI and US. The relative risk of the hypoglycemic child compared with nonhypoglycemic child, to have any abnormality detected in the brain, was 3.7, with a 90% confidence interval from 1.11 to 12.28.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Postnatal full-term MRI and US scans showed abnormalities four times more often after transient neonatal hypoglycemia than in the healthy control group. However, most often lesions were absent 2 months later. The clinical relevance of these abnormal findings remains to be clarified with detailed neurologic examinations and follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.4.724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:45:45Z","timestamp":1092440745000},"page":"724-729","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography Findings After Neonatal Hypoglycemia"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Kinnala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hellevi","family":"Rikalainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Lapinleimu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Parkkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martti","family":"Kormano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pentti","family":"Kero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pediatrics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121009323382000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1972.tb02642.x","article-title":"Neonatal symptomatic and asymptomatic hypoglycaemia: a follow-up study of 151 children.","volume":"14","author":"Koivisto","year":"1972","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00688108","article-title":"The distribution of hypoglycemic brain damage.","volume":"64","author":"Auer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1980.tb03047.x","article-title":"Effects of severe hypoglycemia on the human brain.","volume":"62","author":"Kalimo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.30.4.295","article-title":"Effects of neonatal hypoglycaemia on the nervous system: a pathological study.","volume":"30","author":"Anderson","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1967.tb02323.x","article-title":"The neuropathological effects of anoxia and hypoglycemia in the newborn.","volume":"9","author":"Banker","year":"1967","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B6","first-page":"1477","article-title":"Neonatal hypoglycemia: CT and MR findings.","volume":"15","author":"Spar","year":"1994","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B7","first-page":"994","article-title":"MR findings of neonatal hypoglycemia.","volume":"18","author":"Aslan","year":"1997","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B8","first-page":"523","article-title":"Imaging patterns of neonatal hypoglycemia.","volume":"19","author":"Barkovich","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B9"},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B10"},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198807000-00011","article-title":"Autoradiographic determination of regional cerebral blood flow during hypoglycemia in newborn dogs.","volume":"24","author":"Anwar","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(97)01875-6","article-title":"Cerebral metabolic rate for glucose after neonatal hypoglycaemia.","volume":"49","author":"Kinnala","year":"1997","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.189.1.8372220","article-title":"Periventricular leucomalasia: correlation between MR imaging and autopsy findings during the first 2 months of life.","volume":"189","author":"Schouman-Claeys","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12705.x","article-title":"Subependymal pseudocysts: ultrasound diagnosis and findings at follow-up.","volume":"82","author":"Rademaker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.60.11.1072","article-title":"Subependymal cysts in normal neonates.","volume":"60","author":"Shen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B16","first-page":"1816","article-title":"The encephalopathic neonate: choosing the proper imaging technique.","volume":"18","author":"Barkovich","year":"1997","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80382-0","article-title":"Incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia: a matter of definition.","volume":"105","author":"Sexson","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B18","first-page":"861","article-title":"The neurological and developmental effects of neonatal hypoglycemia: a follow-up of 22 cases.","volume":"92","author":"Haworth","year":"1965","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B19"},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1980.tb03701.x","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and metabolism during hypoglycemia in newborn dogs.","volume":"35","author":"Herna\u0301ndez","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Neurochem."},{"key":"2021121009323382000_B21"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/103\/4\/724\/841624\/724.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/103\/4\/724\/841624\/724.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T21:21:04Z","timestamp":1639171264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/103\/4\/724\/65915\/Cerebral-Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.103.4.724","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-4275","0031-4005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]}}}