{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T23:56:51Z","timestamp":1789084611135,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There have been few studies concerning serum titers of anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody &amp;gt;12 months after eradication of the original infection. Moreover, clinical usefulness of immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody levels remains to be established. The purpose of this study was to investigate long-term responses of serum IgG-specific and IgA-specific antibodies to H pylori in children after eradication therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Study Design.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 34 children, 2 to 17 years of age (mean: 11.7 years) with H pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease received eradication therapy (proton pump inhibitor-based dual or triple regimens). Diagnoses included nodular gastritis (n = 8), gastric ulcer (n = 7), and duodenal ulcer (n= 19). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy were performed before the therapy and at 1 to 2 months' posttreatment. H pylori infection and eradication were defined by biopsy-based tests; eradication was successful in 28 patients and unsuccessful in 6. Pretreatment IgG was positive in 30 patients (88.2%), and the IgA was positive in 31 (91.2%), who were entered into this study (duration \u226424 months). Serum samples were obtained before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months' posttreatment. IgG and IgA antibodies were measured using commercial enzyme immunoassay kits (HM-CAP and PP-CAP; Enteric Products, Inc, New York, NY).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with pretreatment values, IgG and IgA antibodies significantly and steadily decreased at 1 through 24 months' posttreatment in successfully treated patients. A decrease in titer of the IgA class was significantly greater than that of the IgG class at 1 to 12 months' follow-up. There was no significant decrease in titer of either antibody in all but 2 patients with eradication failure. A \u226530% decrease in titer of the IgA antibody at 6 months indicated eradication with sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 100%. For the IgG antibody, a 30% decrease at 12 months showed equal sensitivity and specificity. Seroreversion rates of IgG and IgA antibodies were 53% and 48% at 12 months and were 86% and 81% at 24 months, respectively. The mean periods from the completion of eradication therapy to seroreversion of IgG and IgA antibodies were 11.2 \u00b1 7.0 and 11.6 \u00b1 7.8 months, respectively (not significantly different). A higher pretreatment titer of IgG antibody was related to a longer period of seroreversion (r= 0.44). In one patient, 13C-urea breath test-confirmed reinfection was accompanied by reappearance of significant titers of the IgG and IgA antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A serology test is useful for evaluating eradication in children. Approximately half of patients with successful eradication remained to be IgG-seropositive and IgA-seropositive at 12 months' posttreatment. When a decrease titer in antibody is used for assessing eradication, an endpoint of \u22656 months is required. The IgA antibody may be a more convenient indicator of H pyloristatus than is the IgG antibody.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.2.e22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:45:45Z","timestamp":1092440745000},"page":"e22-e22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Long-term Follow-up Study of Serum Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin A Antibodies After <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>Eradication"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Furuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ohnuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuie","family":"Iinuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121002552729000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91816-6","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic 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