{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T15:50:29Z","timestamp":1761580229188,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n To determine the structural and functional integrity of the brain in a sample of nonretarded individuals diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects.<\/jats:title>\n The sample consisted of nineteen individuals who met the diagnostic criteria for fetal alcohol syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods.<\/jats:title>\n Intellectual function was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. Structural integrity of the brain was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging whereas functional integrity was assessed using positron emission tomography and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results.<\/jats:title>\n The mean Full Scale IQ was 80.2 (range: 66\u201392). Only 1 magnetic resonance imaging was found to be abnormal. This abnormality was found for the subject with the lowest IQ. Decreases in relative regional cerebral metabolic rates were found in 5 brain regions comprising the thalamus and basal ganglia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n These results when coupled with previous findings suggest a continuum of neuropathology in fetal alcohol syndrome. For cases with relatively mild intellectual deficits, the cause of the deficit is at a micro-level rather than a macro-level.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.5.1096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:50:41Z","timestamp":1092441041000},"page":"1096-1099","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Structural and Functional Brain Integrity of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Nonretarded Cases"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Campbell M.","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Psychiatry,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julianne","family":"Conry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Psychology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Conry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Psychology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Loock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121009390368800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1989.tb00384.x","article-title":"Guidelines for use of terminology describing the impact of prenatal alcohol on the offspring.","volume":"13","author":"Sokol","year":"1989","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp 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