{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:15:49Z","timestamp":1790666149875,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuroimaging is generally considered a part of the evaluation of seizures and epilepsy. There is limited information about its current use in the initial evaluation of pediatric epilepsy and about its yield during the initial diagnosis of epilepsy. We describe the patterns in the use and yield of diagnostic imaging in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy in a community-based study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children were recruited when first diagnosed with epilepsy by participating physicians in Connecticut (1993\u20131997). Definitions for etiology and underlying epilepsy syndromes are as published by the International League Against Epilepsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 613 children, 488 (79.6%) had imaging: 388 (63.3%) magnetic resonance imaging, 197 (32.1%) computed tomography scans, and 97 (15.8%) both. Half of children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy had imaging studies compared with 70% to 100% of children with other forms of epilepsy, depending on the specific type. Etiologically relevant abnormalities were found in 62 (12.7% of those imaged). Fourteen of these children had otherwise completely normal presentations and histories. Their abnormalities included tuberous sclerosis (N = 4), tumors (N = 2), an arteriovenous malformation later diagnosed as a tumor, a cavernous angioma, cerebral malformations (N = 3), and other abnormalities (N = 3). Thirteen of the 14 had partial seizures and 12 had focal electroencephalographic (EEG) findings. Only 1 had neither.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>In children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, neuroimaging reveals a small but significant number of serious abnormalities not previously suspected. Most of these children have partial seizures or focal EEG abnormalities. Neuroimaging should be considered during the evaluation of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, especially for those with neurologic deficits or partial seizures or focal EEG abnormalities that are not part of an idiopathic localization-related epilepsy syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.3.527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:50:41Z","timestamp":1092441041000},"page":"527-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Neuroimaging in Children With Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy: A Community-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Anne T.","family":"Berg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From Northern Illinois University Department of Biological Sciences, DeKalb, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francine M.","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, New Haven, Connecticut; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan R.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, New Haven, Connecticut; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shlomo","family":"Shinnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics and the Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121003255824700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-199404000-00008","article-title":"Imaging in epilepsy.","volume":"7","author":"Cook","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.1.26","article-title":"Neuroimaging in the emergency patient presenting with seizure.","volume":"47","author":"Greenberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(05)70243-7","article-title":"Diagnostic testing of seizure disorders.","volume":"14","author":"Gilliam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurol Clin."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1988.11700149","article-title":"How to evaluate the patient after a first seizure.","volume":"83","author":"Holmes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Postgrad Med."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb06017.x","article-title":"Neuroimaging in pediatric epilepsy.","volume":"37","author":"Kuzniecky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B6"},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00433.x","article-title":"Guidelines for epidemiologic studies on epilepsy.","volume":"34","author":"Commission on Epidemiology and Prognosis, International League Against Epilepsy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00739.x","article-title":"Newly-diagnosed epilepsy in children: presentation at diagnosis.","volume":"40","author":"Berg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00738.x","article-title":"Classification of childhood epilepsy syndromes in newly diagnosed epilepsy: interrater agreement and reasons for disagreement.","volume":"40","author":"Berg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1981.tb06159.x","article-title":"Proposal for revised clinical and electrographic classification of epileptic seizures.","volume":"22","author":"Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy","year":"1981","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05316.x","article-title":"Proposal for revised classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes.","volume":"30","author":"Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B12"},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B13"},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B14","first-page":"184","article-title":"Results of presumed cryptogenic epilepsy in childhood by CT scanning.","volume":"22","author":"Gilsanz","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Radiol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(89)90034-9","article-title":"Results of computed tomography in neurologically normal children after initial onset of seizures.","volume":"5","author":"McAbee","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B16","first-page":"124","article-title":"Brain mass lesions detected by MRI in children with new onset seizures.","volume":"38","author":"DeGrauw","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03543-0","article-title":"Epileptology of the first seizure presentation: a clinical, electroencephalographic, and magnetic resonance imaging study of 300 consecutive cases.","volume":"352","author":"King","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B18","first-page":"184","article-title":"Neuroimaging abnormalities in children with a first afebrile seizure.","volume":"38","author":"O'Dell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B19","first-page":"148","article-title":"Epilepsy syndromes in children identified at the time of their first unprovoked seizure.","volume":"39","author":"Shinnar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb01787.x","article-title":"Imaging studies in partial epilepsy in children and adolescents.","volume":"35","author":"Resta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Epilepsia."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.29.8.1084","article-title":"Computed tomography and childhood seizures disorders.","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.58.6.828","article-title":"Computerized axial tomography in chronic seizure disorders of childhood.","volume":"58","author":"Bachman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6960.986","article-title":"Indication for computed tomography of the brain in patients with first uncomplicated generalised seizure.","volume":"309","author":"Schoenenberger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br Med J."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410150605","article-title":"Value of computed tomographic scan in the evaluation of adult patients after their first seizures.","volume":"15","author":"Ramirez-Lassepas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1159\/000116710","article-title":"Use of CT in epilepsy: does it matter how long you wait?","volume":"31","author":"Daras","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Neurol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B26","first-page":"130","article-title":"Computed tomography and seizures in children.","volume":"10","author":"Harwood-Nash","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B27","first-page":"1","article-title":"The role of computerized tomography in the epilepsies of childhood.","volume":"7","author":"Galli","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med Surg Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(97)70226-9","article-title":"Predictors of abnormal findings of computed tomography of the head in pediatric patients presenting with seizures.","volume":"29","author":"Warden","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6_Suppl_8.S20","article-title":"Perspectives of epilepsy care in Norway.","volume":"48","author":"Henriksen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6_Suppl_8.S30","article-title":"Patterns of care for patients with epilepsy in France.","volume":"48","author":"Dulac","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6_Suppl_8.S3","article-title":"Services for epilepsy in the United Kingdom.","volume":"48","author":"Chadwick","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6_Suppl_8.S25","article-title":"Epilepsy care in Germany: a clinical perspective.","volume":"48","author":"Schmidt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021121003255824700_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199806113382402","article-title":"Long-term prognosis of seizures with onset in childhood.","volume":"338","author":"Sillanpaa","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/106\/3\/527\/887814\/pe090000527p.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/106\/3\/527\/887814\/pe090000527p.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T07:34:49Z","timestamp":1734507289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/106\/3\/527\/63076\/Neuroimaging-in-Children-With-Newly-Diagnosed"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.106.3.527","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-4275","0031-4005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]}}}