{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:04:33Z","timestamp":1790193873255,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether lung volume changes and breathing pattern parameters differ among 3 devices for delivery of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in premature infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-two premature infants receiving nasal CPAP for apnea or mild respiratory distress were enrolled. Birth weight was (mean \u00b1 standard deviation) 1081 \u00b1 316 g, gestational age 29 \u00b1 2 weeks, age at study 13 \u00b1 12 days, and fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) at study .29 \u00b1 .1. Three devices, applied in random order, were studied in each infant: continuous flow nasal CPAP via CPAP prongs, continuous flow nasal CPAP via modified nasal cannula, and variable flow nasal CPAP. After lung recruitment to standardize volume history, changes in lung volume (\u0394VL) were assessed at nasal CPAP of 8, 6, 4, and 0 cm H2O using calibrated direct current-coupled respiratory inductance plethysmography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u0394VL was significantly greater overall with the variable flow device compared with both the nasal cannula and CPAP prongs. However, \u0394VL was not different between the cannula and the prongs. Respiratory rate, tidal volume, thoraco-abdominal asynchrony, and Fio2 were greater with the modified cannula than for either of the other 2 devices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with 2 continuous flow devices, the variable flow nasal CPAP device leads to greater lung recruitment. Although a nasal cannula is able to recruit lung volume, it does so at the cost of increased respiratory effort and Fio2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:55:51Z","timestamp":1092441351000},"page":"304-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Lung Recruitment and Breathing Pattern During Variable Versus Continuous Flow Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Premature Infants: An Evaluation of Three Devices"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Sherry E.","family":"Courtney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, the Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper Hospital\/University Medical Center, Camden, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kee H.","family":"Pyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, the Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper Hospital\/University Medical Center, Camden, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy G.","family":"Saslow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, the Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper Hospital\/University Medical Center, Camden, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald K.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American College of Physicians and American Society of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paresh B.","family":"Pandit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, the Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper Hospital\/University Medical Center, Camden, New Jersey;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Children's Hospital at St Vincent's Mercy Medical Center and the Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121009495252700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197106172842401","article-title":"Treatment of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome with continuous positive airway pressure.","volume":"284","author":"Gregory","year":"1971","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000241098","article-title":"Positive end expiratory pressure: effects on lung mechanics of premature lambs.","volume":"34","author":"Shaffer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biol Neonate"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197807000-00006","article-title":"Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on pulmonary function and blood gases of infants with respiratory distress syndrome.","volume":"12","author":"Richardson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950110313","article-title":"Effect of nasal CPAP on thoracoabdominal motion in neonates with respiratory insufficiency.","volume":"11","author":"Locke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.68.1.141","article-title":"Effects of nasal CPAP on supraglottic and total pulmonary resistance in preterm infants.","volume":"68","author":"Miller","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B6","first-page":"175","article-title":"Face mask application for calibration of respiratory inductive plethysmography in lambs.","volume":"10","author":"Warren","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Dev Physiol"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199706)23:6<429::AID-PPUL6>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Assessment of tidal volume over time in preterm infants using respiratory inductance plethysmography.","volume":"23","author":"Brooks","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198803000-00003","article-title":"Measurement of tidal volume during high frequency ventilation by impedance plethysmograph.","volume":"23","author":"Sandberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B9"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B10"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.64.2.160","article-title":"Increased work of breathing associated with nasal prongs.","volume":"64","author":"Goldman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.1.135","article-title":"Inadvertent administration of positive end-distending pressure during nasal cannula flow.","volume":"91","author":"Locke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198812000-00013","article-title":"A new device for administration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the newborn: an experimental study.","volume":"16","author":"Moa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12642.x","article-title":"Nasal continuous positive airway pressure: experiences with a new technical approach.","volume":"82","author":"Moa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199609)22:3<188::AID-PPUL8>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Decreased imposed work with a new nasal continuous positive airway pressure device.","volume":"22","author":"Klausner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01446.x","article-title":"Infant flow driver or single prong nasal continuous positive airway pressure: short-term physiological effects.","volume":"87","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2021121009495252700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.3.8810603","article-title":"Comparison of respiratory inductance plethysmography with thoracoabdominal compression in bronchial challenges in infants and young children.","volume":"154","author":"Springer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/107\/2\/304\/892926\/304.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/107\/2\/304\/892926\/304.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T05:38:22Z","timestamp":1682746702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/107\/2\/304\/66312\/Lung-Recruitment-and-Breathing-Pattern-During"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.107.2.304","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-4275","0031-4005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]}}}