{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T20:03:56Z","timestamp":1775851436124,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early use of high-frequency ventilation and exogenous surfactant is proposed as the optimal mode of ventilatory support in infants with respiratory distress syndrome. In very premature infants, we tested the hypothesis that high-frequency versus conventional ventilation could decrease exogenous surfactant requirements and improve pulmonary outcome, without altering the complication rate, including that of severe intraventricular hemorrhage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preterm infants with a postmenstrual age of 24 to 29 weeks, presenting with respiratory distress syndrome were randomly assigned to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (lung volume recruitment strategy) or conventional ventilation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred seventy-three infants were enrolled. One hundred fifty-three had a postmenstrual age of 24 to 27 weeks, and 143 had a birth weight \u22641000 g. One hundred thirty-four infants were randomized at 142 minutes of life (median) to receive conventional ventilation (mean postmenstrual age at birth: 27. 6 \u00b1 1.5 weeks; mean birth weight: 997 \u00b1 245 g); and 139 infants were randomized at 145 minutes of life to receive high-frequency ventilation (mean postmenstrual age at birth: 27.5 \u00b1 1.4 weeks; mean birth weight: 976 \u00b1 219 g).<\/jats:p><jats:p>High-frequency ventilation, compared with conventional ventilation, was associated with a twofold reduction in the requirement for \u22652 instillations of exogenous surfactant (30% vs 62%; odds ratio: .27; 95% confidence interval: .16\u2013.44) and no difference in pulmonary outcome. The incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage was 24% in the high-frequency group and 14% in the conventional ventilation group (adjusted odds ratio: 1.50; 95% confidence interval: .68\u20133.30).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in very premature infants decreases exogenous surfactant requirements, does not improve the pulmonary outcome, and may be associated with an increased incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:55:51Z","timestamp":1092441351000},"page":"363-372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Prospective Randomized Multicenter Comparison of High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation and Conventional Ventilation in Preterm Infants of Less Than 30 Weeks With Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Guy","family":"Moriette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neonatology of University Hospitals,Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josefa","family":"Paris-Llado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antoine Be\u0301cle\u0300re, Clamart, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herve\u0301","family":"Walti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Neonatology of University Hospitals,Cochin Port-Royal, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beno\u0131\u0302t","family":"Escande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strasbourg, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Franc\u0327ois","family":"Magny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Pue\u0301riculture, Paris, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Cambonie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montpellier, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ge\u0301rard","family":"Thiriez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Besanc\u0327on, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Cantagrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tours, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Lacaze-Masmonteil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antoine Be\u0301cle\u0300re, Clamart, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Storme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lille, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Blanc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rouen, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Liet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantes, France;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Andre\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Saint-Vincent de Paul, Paris, France; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beno\u0131\u0302t","family":"Salanave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U 149, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ge\u0301rard","family":"Bre\u0301art","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U 149, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121009505985800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198706000-00018","article-title":"Ventilatory management of infant baboons with hyaline membrane disease: the use of high frequency ventilation.","volume":"21","author":"Delemos","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2021121009505985800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049842","article-title":"Reduction in lung injury after combined surfactant and high-frequency ventilation.","volume":"150","author":"Jackson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021121009505985800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.3.569","article-title":"Optimizing alveolar expansion prolongs the effectiveness of exogenous surfactant therapy in the adult rabbit.","volume":"148","author":"Froese","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2021121009505985800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.6.7952613","article-title":"Inflammatory chemical mediators during conventional ventilation and during high frequency oscillatory ventilation.","volume":"150","author":"Imai","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021121009505985800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.1.9607072","article-title":"Intraalveolar expression of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 gene during conventional and high-frequency ventilation.","volume":"156","author":"Takata","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021121009505985800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198901123200204","article-title":"High-frequency oscillatory ventilation compared with conventional mechanical ventilation in the treatment of respiratory failure in preterm infants. 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