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In an attempt to determine the significance of the association betweenH pylori and gastric cancer, we have reviewed all of the English language literature on this topic. H pyloriinfection seems to be associated with an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. However, only a small number of infected individuals (\u223c1%) will develop gastric cancer. Furthermore, there are potential cofactors other than H pylori that could be equally important. The effect of the eradication of H pylorialone on the development of gastric cancer is unknown. Based on our knowledge to date, we suggest that it is not indicated to treat all children with H pylori infection because of the risk of developing gastric cancer or to institute a screening and treatment program.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T23:55:51Z","timestamp":1092441351000},"page":"373-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Is<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>Infection in Childhood a Risk Factor for Gastric Cancer?"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Cameron","family":"Imrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Paediatrics, University College Dublin and The Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Paediatrics, University College Dublin and The Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Billy","family":"Bourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Paediatrics, University College Dublin and The Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Drumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1From the Department of Paediatrics, University College Dublin and The Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121009504660200_B1","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Unidentified curved bacilli on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis.","volume":"i","author":"Warren","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706183162501","article-title":"Association ofCampylobacter pylori on the gastric mucosa with antral gastritis in children.","volume":"316","author":"Drumm","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199104113241507","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease.","volume":"324","author":"Peterson","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.Supplement_1.S99","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathophysiology of Campylobacter pylori infections [review].","volume":"12","author":"Blaser","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis."},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01298868","article-title":"Unique features of Helicobacter pylori disease in children.","volume":"36","author":"Hassall","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-1-70","article-title":"The clinical significance of Campylobacter pylori [review].","volume":"108","author":"Dooley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91545-5","article-title":"Campylobacter pylori and recurrence of duodenal ulcers\u2013a 12 month follow up study.","volume":"ii","author":"Coughlan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81536-7","article-title":"Treatment and long-term follow-up ofHelicobacter pylori-associated duodenal ulcer disease in children.","volume":"123","author":"Israel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302043280503","article-title":"Effect of ranitidine and amoxicillin plus metronidazole on the eradication ofHelicobacter pylori and the recurrence of duodenal ulcer.","volume":"328","author":"Hentschel","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.79.6.502","article-title":"Effect ofHelicobacter pylori eradication on the natural history of duodenal ulcer disease.","volume":"79","author":"Goggin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2021121009504660200_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02088053","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection in children. 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