{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T16:19:32Z","timestamp":1772209172877,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Prognostic factors in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) include polyarticular onset, polyarticular disease course, and rheumatoid factor positivity; in the systemic onset subtype, persistence of systemic features at 6 months after onset confers a worse prognosis. Timely diagnosis and appropriate aggressive treatment of patients with poor prognostic features improve quality of life and outcome. After nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, methotrexate is the most commonly used second-line agent. However, approximately one third of patients do not respond to methotrexate adequately. Randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials in patients with JRA are few, but one such trial with the tumor necrosis factor inhibitor etanercept shows that this drug is effective and well-tolerated. Other recently approved agents for rheumatoid arthritis, including infliximab, leflunomide, celecoxib, and rofecoxib, have not been adequately studied in pediatric patients, and the role of these agents in children with JRA remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,14]],"date-time":"2004-08-14T00:17:55Z","timestamp":1092442675000},"page":"109-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Current Treatment of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Norman T.","family":"Ilowite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Rheumatology, Schneider Children\u2019s Hospital, New Hyde Park, New York, and Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121104464395000_R1","unstructured":"Ga\u0308re BA. Juvenile arthritis: who gets it, where and when? A review of current data on incidence and prevalence. Clin Exp Rheumatol.1999;17:367\u2013374"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R2","unstructured":"Levinson JE, Wallace CA. Dismantling the pyramid. J Rheumatol.1992;19(suppl 33):6\u201310"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R3","unstructured":"Fantini F, Gerloni V, Gattinara M, et al. Remission in Juvenile Chronic Arthritis: A Cohort Study in 506 Consecutive Cases [abstract]. American College of Rheumatology, 60th National Meeting; Orlando, FL; October 17\u201322, 1996"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chylack LT Jr. The ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1977;20(suppl 2):217\u2013223","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200214"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R5","unstructured":"Ga\u0308re BA, Fasth A. The natural history of juvenile chronic arthritis: a population based cohort study, II: outcome. J Rheumatol.1995;22:308\u2013319"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R6","unstructured":"Ga\u0308re BA, Fasth A. The natural history of juvenile chronic arthritis: a population based cohort study, I: Onset and disease process. J Rheumatol.1995;22:295\u2013307"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peterson LS, Mason T, Nelson AM, O\u2019Fallon WM, Gabriel SE. Psychosocial outcomes and health status of adults who have had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled, population-based study. Arthritis Rheum.1997;40:2235\u20132240","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401219"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R8","unstructured":"Brewer EJ Jr, Bass J, Baum J, et al. Current proposed revision of JRA criteria. Arthritis Rheum.1977;20(suppl 2):195\u2013199"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaller JG. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatr Rev.1997;18:337\u2013349","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.18.10.337"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cassidy JT, Levinson JE, Bass JC, et al. A study of classification criteria for a diagnosis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1986;29:274\u2013281","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290216"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R11","unstructured":"Spiegel LR, Schneider R, Lang BA, et al. Early predictors of poor outcome in systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: a multicenter cohort study [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1998;41(suppl 9):S48"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R12","unstructured":"Takei S, Imanaka H, Shigemori M, et al. Incidence of factors related to remission in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1998;41(suppl 9):S49"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R13","unstructured":"Cassidy JT, Petty RE. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In: Textbook of Pediatric Rheumatology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1995:133\u2013223"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R14","unstructured":"Flat\u00f8 B, Aasland A, Vinje O, F\u00f8rre \u00d8. Outcome and predictive factors in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile spondyloarthropathy. J Rheumatol.1998;25:366\u2013375"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dent PB, Walker N. Intra-articular corticosteroids in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol.1998;10:475\u2013480","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-199809000-00013"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Padeh S, Passwell JH. Intraarticular corticosteroid injection in the management of children with chronic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1998;41:1210\u20131214","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199807)41:7<1210::AID-ART10>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sherry DD, Stein LD, Reed AM, Schanberg LE, Kredich DW. Prevention of leg length discrepancy in young children with pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by treatment with intraarticular steroids. Arthritis Rheum.1999;42:2330\u20132334","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199911)42:11<2330::AID-ANR11>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huppertz HI, Tschammler A, Horwitz AE, Schwab KO. Intraarticular corticosteroids for chronic arthritis in children: efficacy and effects on cartilage and growth. J Pediatr.1995;127:317\u2013321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70320-9"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Honkanen VEA, Rautonen JK, Pelkonen PM. Intra-articular glucocorticoids in early juvenile chronic arthritis. Acta Paediatr.1993;82:1072\u20131074","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12815.x"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen RC, Gross KR, Laxer RM, Malleson PN, Beauchamp RD, Petty RE. Intraarticular triamcinolone hexacetonide in the management of chronic arthritis in children. Arthritis Rheum.1986;29:997\u20131001","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290808"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walco GA, Varni JW, Ilowite NT. Cognitive-behavioral pain management in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatrics.1992;89:1075\u20131079","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.6.1075"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kilmartin DJ, Forrester JV, Dick AD. Cyclosporin A therapy in refractory non-infectious childhood uveitis. Br J Ophthalmol.1998;82:737\u2013742","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.7.737"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiss AH, Wallace CA, Sherry DD. Methotrexate for resistant chronic uveitis in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Pediatr.1998;133:266\u2013268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70232-X"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harel L, Wagner-Weiner L, Poznanski AK, Spencer CH, Ekwo E, Magilavy DB. Effects of methotrexate on radiologic progression in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1993;36:1370\u20131374","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780361007"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravelli A, Viola S, Ramenghi B, Beluffi G, Zonta LA, Martini A. Radiologic progression in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis treated with methotrexate. J Pediatr.1998;133:262\u2013265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70231-8"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lang BA, Finlayson LA. Naproxen-induced pseudoporphyria in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Pediatr.1994;124:639\u2013642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83149-X"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R27","unstructured":"Cron RQ, Sharma S, Sherry DD. Current treatment by United States and Canadian pediatric rheumatologists. J Rheumatol.1999;26:2036\u20132038"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R28","unstructured":"Lovell DJ. Ten years of experience with methotrexate: past, present and future. Rev Rhum Engl Ed.1997;64(suppl 10):186S\u2013188S"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannini EH, Cassidy JT. Methotrexate in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: do the benefits outweigh the risks?Drug Saf.1993;9:325\u2013339","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199309050-00002"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gottlieb BS, Keenana GF, Lu T, Ilowite NT. Discontinuation of methotrexate treatment in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Pediatrics.1997;100:994\u2013997","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.994"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannini EH, Brewer EJ, Kuzmina N, et al. Methotrexate in resistant juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: results of the USA\u2013USSR double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. N Engl J Med.1992;326:1043\u20131049","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199204163261602"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singsen BH, Goldbach-Mansky R. Methotrexate in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other pediatric rheumatoid and nonrheumatic disorders. Rheum Dis Clin North Am.1997;23:811\u2013840","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(05)70362-8"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravelli A, Viola S, Migliavacca D, Ruperto N, Pistorio A, Martini A. The extended oligoarticular subtype is the best predictor of methotrexate efficacy in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Pediatr.1999;135:316\u2013320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70127-7"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woo P, Southwood TR, Prieur AM, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of low-dose oral methotrexate in children with extended oligoarticular or systemic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.2000;43:1849\u20131857","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200008)43:8<1849::AID-ANR22>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kremer JM, Alarco\u0301n GS, Lightfoot RW Jr, et al. Methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis: suggested guidelines for monitoring liver toxicity. Arthritis Rheum.1994;37:316\u2013328","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370304"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashkes PJ, Balistreri WF, Bove KE, Ballard ET, Passo MH. The long-term effect of methotrexate therapy on the liver in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1997;40:2226\u20132234","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401218"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R37","unstructured":"Wallace CA. Methotrexate: more questions than answers[editorial]. J Rheumatol.2000;27:1834\u20131835"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Rossum MAJ, Fiselier TJW, Franssen MJAM, et al. Sulfasalazine in the treatment of juvenile chronic arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Dutch Juvenile Chronic Arthritis Study Group. Arthritis Rheum.1998;41:808\u2013816","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199805)41:5<808::AID-ART6>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R39","unstructured":"Hertzberger-ten Cate R, Cats A. Toxicity of sulfasalazine in systemic juvenile chronic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol.1991;9:85\u201388"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gedalia A, Barash J, Press J, Buskila D. Sulphasalazine in the treatment of pauciarticular-onset juvenile chronic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol.1993;12:511\u2013514","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02231781"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R41","unstructured":"Ansell BM, Hall MA, Loftus JK, et al. A multicentre pilot study of sulphasalazine in juvenile chronic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol.1991;9:201\u2013203"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brewer EJ, Giannini EH, Kuzmina N, Alekseev L. Penicillamine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of severe juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: results of the USA-USSR double-blind placebo-controlled trial. N Engl J Med.1986;314:1269\u20131276","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198605153142001"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannini EH, Cassidy JT, Brewer EJ, Shaikov A, Maximov A, Kuzmina N. Comparative efficacy and safety of advanced drug therapy in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum.1993;23:34\u201346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(05)80025-3"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haagsma CJ, van Riel PLCM. Combination of second-line antirheumatic drugs. Ann Med.1997;29:169\u2013173","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899709113706"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wallace CA, Sherry DD. Trial of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe systemic-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1997;40:1852\u20131855","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401019"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smolen JS, Kalden JR, Scott DL, et al. Efficacy and safety of leflunomide compared with placebo and sulphasalazine in active rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, randomised, multicentre trial. Lancet.1999;353:259\u2013266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09403-3"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strand V, Cohen S, Schiff M, et al. Treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide compared with placebo and methotrexate. Leflunomide Rheumatoid Arthritis Investigators Group. Arch Intern Med.1999;159:2542\u20132550","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.21.2542"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharp JT, Strand V, Leung H, Hurley F, Loew-Friedrich I. Treatment with leflunomide slows radiographic progression of rheumatoid arthritis: results from three randomized controlled trials of leflunomide in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Leflunomide Rheumatoid Arthritis Investigators Group. Arthritis Rheum.2000;43:495\u2013505","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200003)43:3<495::AID-ANR4>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R49","unstructured":"ENBREL [manufacturer\u2019s prescribing information]. Seattle, WA: Immunex Corporation; 2001"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grom AA, Murray KJ, Luyrink L, et al. Patterns of expression of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, tumor necrosis factor \u03b2, and their receptors in synovia of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum.1996;39:1703\u20131710","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780391013"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lovell DJ, Giannini EH, Reiff A, et al. Efficacy and safety of Etanercept (tumor necrosis factor receptor p75 Fc fusion protein; Enbrel) in children with polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med.2000;342:763\u2013769","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003163421103"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannini EH, Ruperto N, Ravelli A, Lovell DJ, Felson DT, Martini A. Preliminary definition of improvement in juvenile arthritis. Arthritis Rheum.1997;40:1202\u20131209","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199707)40:7<1202::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R53","unstructured":"Lovell DJ, Giannini EH, Whitmore JB, Soffes L, Finck BK. Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor receptor p75 Fc fusion protein (TNFR:Fc; Enbrel\u2122) in polyarticular course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1998;41(suppl 9):S130"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R54","unstructured":"Lovell DJ, Giannini EH, Lange M, Burge D, Finck BK. Safety and efficacy of Enbrel\u00ae (etanercept) in the extended treatment of polyarticular-course JRA [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1999;42(suppl 9):S117"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreland LW, Baumgartner SW, Schiff MH, et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (p75)\u2013Fc fusion protein. N Engl J Med.1997;337:141\u2013147","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707173370301"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreland LW, Schiff MH, Baumgartner SW, et al. Etanercept therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med.1999;130:478\u2013486","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00004"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinblatt ME, Kremer JM, Bankhurst AD, et al. A trial of etanercept, a recombinant tumor necrosis factor receptor:Fc fusion protein, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate. N Engl J Med.1999;340:253\u2013259","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901283400401"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R58","unstructured":"Finck B, Martin R, Fleischmann R, Moreland L, Schiff M, Bathon J. A phase III trial of etanercept vs methotrexate (MTX) in early rheumatoid arthritis (Enbrel ERA trial) [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1999;42(suppl 9):S117"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R59","unstructured":"Peterfy C, Palmer W, Schweitzer M, White D, Finck B. Comparison of etanercept vs methotrexate (MTX) in early rheumatoid arthritis using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Enbrel ERA trial) [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1999;42(suppl 9):S241"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knight DM, Trinh H, Le J, et al. Construction and initial characterization of a mouse-human chimeric anti-TNF antibody. Mol Immunol.1993;30:1443\u20131453","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(93)90106-L"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elliott MJ, Woo P, Charles P, Long-Fox A, Woody JN, Maini RN. Suppression of fever and the acute-phase response in a patient with juvenile chronic arthritis treated with monoclonal antibody to tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 (cA2). Br J Rheumatol.1997;36:589\u2013593","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.5.589"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emery P, Zeidler H, Kvien TK, et al. Celecoxib versus diclofenac in long-term management of rheumatoid arthritis: randomised double-blind comparison. Lancet.1999;354:2106\u20132111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)02332-6"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon LS, Weaver AL, Graham DY, et al. Anti-inflammatory and upper gastrointestinal effects of celecoxib in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA.1999;282:1921\u20131928","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.20.1921"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schnitzer TJ, Truitt K, Fleischmann R, et al. The safety profile, tolerability, and effective dose range of rofecoxib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Phase II Rofecoxib Rheumatoid Arthritis Study Group. Clin Ther.1999;21:1688\u20131702","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(99)80048-4"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R65","unstructured":"Keenan GF, Giannini EH, Athreya BH. Clinically significant gastropathy associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol.1995;22:1149\u20131151"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R66","unstructured":"Len C, Hilario MO, Kawakami E, et al. Gastroduodenal lesions in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Hepatogastroenterology.1999;46:991\u2013996"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mulberg AE, Linz C, Bern E, Tucker L, Verhave M, Grand RJ. Identification of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastroduodenal injury in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. J Pediatr.1993;122:647\u2013649","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83556-5"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R68","unstructured":"Moreland LW, Cohen SB, Baumgartner S, Schiff M, Tindall EA, Burge DJ. Long-term use of etanercept in patients with DMARD-refractory rheumatoid arthritis [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum.1999;42(suppl 9):S401"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wulffraat NM, Kuis W. Autologous stem cell transplantation: a possible treatment for refractory juvenile chronic arthritis?Rheumatology.1999;38:764\u2013766","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.8.764"},{"key":"2021121104464395000_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarvis B, Faulds D. Etanercept: a review of its use in rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs.1999;57:945\u2013966","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199957060-00014"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/109\/1\/109\/987040\/109.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/109\/1\/109\/987040\/109.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T08:53:01Z","timestamp":1639212781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/109\/1\/109\/79764\/Current-Treatment-of-Juvenile-Rheumatoid-Arthritis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.109.1.109","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]}}}