{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:40:26Z","timestamp":1791211226183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. Multiple cross-sectional physician surveys have documented poor cardiac auscultation skills. We evaluated the impact of 2 different educational interventions on pediatric resident auscultation skills.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods. The auscultation skills of all first-year (PGY1; n = 20) and second-year pediatric residents (PGY2; n = 20) were evaluated at the beginning and end of the academic year. Five patient recordings were presented: atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve with insufficiency, and innocent murmur. Residents were asked to classify the second heart sound, identify a systolic ejection click, describe the murmur, and provide a diagnosis. All PGY1 and most PGY2 (14 of 20) participated on the inpatient cardiology service for 1 month. PGY2 on the cardiology service also attended outpatient clinic. PGY1 did not attend outpatient clinic but were allotted 2 hours\/week to use a self-directed cardiac auscultation computer teaching program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results. Resident auscultation skills on initial evaluation were dependent on training level (PGY1: 42 \u00b1 15% correct; PGY2: 53 \u00b1 13% correct), primarily as a result of better classification of second heart sound (PGY1: 45%; PGY2: 63%) and diagnosis of an innocent murmur (PGY1: 35%; PGY2: 65%). There was no difference in the ability to identify correctly a systolic ejection click (20% vs 23%) or to arrive at the correct diagnosis (35% vs 40%). At the end of the academic year, the PGY1 scores improved by 21%, primarily as a result of improved diagnostic accuracy of the innocent murmur (35% to 65%). PGY2 scores remained unchanged (53% vs 51%), regardless of participation in a cardiology rotation (cardiology rotation: 50%; no cardiology rotation: 51%). Combined, diagnostic accuracy was best for ventricular septal defect (55%) and innocent murmur (60%) and worst for atrial septal defect (18%) and pulmonary valve stenosis (15%). However, 40% identified the innocent murmur as pathologic and 21% of pathologic murmurs were diagnosed as innocent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions. Pediatric resident auscultation skills were poor and did not improve after an outpatient cardiology rotation. Auscultation skills did improve after the use of a self-directed cardiac auscultation teaching program. These data have relevance given the American College of Graduate Medical Education's emphasis on measuring educational outcomes and documenting clinical competencies during residency training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.5.1331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T20:53:04Z","timestamp":1092430384000},"page":"1331-1335","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Comparison of Two Educational Interventions on Pediatric Resident Auscultation Skills"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"C. Becket","family":"Mahnke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Nowalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dena","family":"Hofkosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Zuberbuhler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuk M.","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121010053697500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Oort A, Hopman J, de Boo T, van der Werf T, Rohmer J, Daniels O. 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