{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:32:08Z","timestamp":1787236328223,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In developed countries, care and treatment are available for pregnant women and infants that can decrease the rate of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection to 2% or less. The pediatrician has a key role in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 by identifying HIV-exposed infants whose mothers' HIV infection was not diagnosed before delivery, prescribing antiretroviral prophylaxis for these infants to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV-1 infection, and promoting avoidance of HIV-1 transmission through human milk. In addition, the pediatrician can provide care for HIV-exposed infants by monitoring them for early determination of HIV-1 infection status and for possible short- and long-term toxicities of antiretroviral exposure, providing chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia, and supporting families living with HIV-1 infection by providing counseling to parents or caregivers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.2.497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,13]],"date-time":"2004-08-13T20:53:04Z","timestamp":1092430384000},"page":"497-505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Evaluation and Treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1\u2014Exposed Infant"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"King","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Committee on Pediatric AIDS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Canadian Paediatric Society, Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021121006432805300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mofenson LM, and American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Pediatric AIDS. 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