{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:07:26Z","timestamp":1790892446541,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. To examine adult socioeconomic, educational, social, and health outcomes of being in public care in childhood.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods. The 1970 British birth cohort was followed up at 5 (N = 13135), 10 (14875), 16 (11622), and 30 years (11261). Cases were defined as those ever in statutory or voluntary public care at 5, 10, and 16 years. Self-reported adult outcomes were occupation, educational achievement, general health, psychological morbidity, history of homelessness, school exclusion, and convictions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results. A total of 343 (3.6%) of 9557 had been in public care &amp;lt;17 years. Nonwhite children were more likely to have been in care (odds ratio [OR]: 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1\u20135.4). Controlling for socioeconomic status, men with a history of public care were less likely to attain high social class (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4\u20130.9) and more likely to have been homeless (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1\u20133.8), have a conviction (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5\u20133.4), have psychological morbidity (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1\u20133.0), and be in poor general health (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1\u20132.6). Similar associations were found in women. Men but not women with a history of care were more likely to be unemployed (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.4\u20135.0) and less likely to attain a higher degree (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2\u20130.7). Nonwhite ethnicity was associated with poorer adult outcomes of being in care.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions. Public care in childhood is associated with adverse adult socioeconomic, educational, legal, and health outcomes in excess of that associated with childhood or adult disadvantage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]],"date-time":"2005-04-01T18:03:40Z","timestamp":1112378620000},"page":"894-899","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Adult Health and Social Outcomes of Children Who Have Been in Public Care: Population-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Russell M.","family":"Viner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120819270049100_R1","unstructured":"Acheson D. 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