{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T22:33:37Z","timestamp":1780612417344,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective. To determine the short-term and long-term prognosis of preadolescent lower limb pain and to assess factors that contribute to pain persistence at 1-year follow-up and pain recurrence at 4-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods. A 1- and 4-year follow-up was conducted of a population-based 10- and 12-year old cohort of schoolchildren with lower limb pain at baseline<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results. Of the baseline students with lower limb pain, 32% reported pain persistence at 1-year follow-up and 31% reported pain recurrence at 4-year follow-up. Vigorous exercise was the only statistically significant predictor of lower limb pain persistence at 1-year follow-up (odds ratio [OR]: 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16\u20135.05), whereas at 4-year follow-up (at adolescence), hypermobility was predictive of pain recurrence (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.13\u20137.70). Traumatic lower extremity pain had a 50% lower risk for pain recurrence compared with nontraumatic pain (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.19\u20130.92).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion. Trauma-induced lower extremity pain in preadolescents has a favorable long-term natural course. Children\u2019s involvement in vigorous exercise predicts short-term outcome of lower limb pain, whereas hypermobile children have a worse long-term prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]],"date-time":"2005-09-01T00:36:02Z","timestamp":1125534962000},"page":"673-681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Lower Limb Pain in a Preadolescent Population: Prognosis and Risk Factors for Chronicity\u2014A Prospective 1- and 4-Year Follow-up Study"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Ashraf","family":"El-Metwally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland"},{"name":"Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jouko J.","family":"Salminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anssi","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Pediatric Research Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Kautiainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marja","family":"Mikkelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120820043985200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puccini RF, Bresolin AM. 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