{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T20:35:08Z","timestamp":1774125308361,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE. To compare the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay with the tuberculin skin test (TST) in children for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the Gambia.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>METHODS. We divided child contacts of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis cases into 3 age categories (&amp;lt;5, 5\u20139, and 10\u201314 years) and assessed agreement between the 2 tests plus their relationship to prior Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination. We categorized a child's level of M tuberculosis exposure according to where he\/she slept relative to a case: the same room, same house, or a different house. The relationship between exposure and test result was assessed by multiple logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS. In child contacts of 287 cases, 225 (32.5%) of 693 were positive by TST and 232 (32.3%) of 718 by ELISPOT. The overall agreement between tests was 83% and the discordance was not significant. Both tests responded to the M tuberculosis exposure gradient in each age category. The percentage of those who were TST positive\/ELISPOT negative increased with increasing exposure. At the lowest exposure level, the percentage of ELISPOT-positive children who were TST negative was increased compared with the highest exposure level. Neither test had evidence of false positive results because of BCG.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. In Gambian children, the ELISPOT is slightly less sensitive than the TST in the diagnosis of M tuberculosis infection from recent exposure, and neither test is confounded by prior BCG vaccination. Evidence of reduced TST sensitivity in subjects with the lowest known recent M tuberculosis exposure suggests that, when maximal sensitivity is important, the 2 tests may be best used together.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T17:22:05Z","timestamp":1146504125000},"page":"1542-1548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Comparison of Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test in Healthy Children Exposed to <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Philip C.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger H.","family":"Brookes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ifedayo M.O.","family":"Adetifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dolly","family":"Jackson-Sillah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moses D.","family":"Lugos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon A.","family":"Donkor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger J.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen R.C.","family":"Howie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Diseases Programme"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tumani","family":"Corrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Jeffries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Adegbola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tuberculosis Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith P.W.J.","family":"McAdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Mulago Hospital Complex, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120823254666500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walls T, Shingadia D. 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