{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T01:02:19Z","timestamp":1781312539699,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Since 1992, Human Botulism Immune Globulin has been provided by the California Department of Health Services to infants with probable infant botulism, the intestinal toxemia form of human botulism. Human Botulism Immune Globulin became available in California in 1992\u20131997 within a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, pivotal clinical trial and subsequently became available nationwide in 1998\u20132003 in an open-label study until its licensure in October 2003 as BabyBIG. Thereafter, Human Botulism Immune Globulin remained available nationwide as an approved orphan-drug product. To achieve prompt neutralization of circulating botulinum toxin, the decision to treat with Human Botulism Immune Globulin has been based on clinical criteria that include a consistent history and physical findings of bulbar palsies, hypotonia, and weakness. After licensure, the charts of patients who did not have laboratory-confirmed infant botulism were reviewed to identify their actual diagnoses. The \u223c5% of 681 patients treated with Human Botulism Immune Globulin who did not have infant botulism fell into 5 categories: spinal muscular atrophy, metabolic disorders, other infectious diseases, miscellaneous, and probable infant botulism lacking laboratory confirmation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,2]],"date-time":"2007-04-02T16:23:29Z","timestamp":1175531009000},"page":"826-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Clinical Mimics of Infant Botulism"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Ann Marie O.","family":"Francisco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program, California Department of Health Services, Richmond, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen S.","family":"Arnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program, California Department of Health Services, Richmond, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120823301965900_R1","unstructured":"Arnon SS. Infant botulism. In: Feigen RD, Cherry JD, Demmler GJ, Kaplan SL, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2004: 1758\u20131766"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R2","unstructured":"Long SS. Clostridium botulinum (botulism). In: Long SS, Pickering LK, Prober CG, eds. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingston; 2002: 984\u2013991"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnon SS, Schechter R, Maslanka SE, Jewell NP, Hatheway CL. Human Botulism Immune Globulin for the treatment of infant botulism. N Engl J Med.\u20082006;354:462\u2013471","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051926"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fox CK, Keet CA, Strober JB. Recent advances in infant botulism. Pediatr Neurol.\u20082005;32:149\u2013154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2004.10.001"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talbot K, Davies KE. Spinal muscular atrophy. Semin Neurol.\u20082001;21:189\u2013197","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-15264"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Engle WK. Brief, small, abundant motor-unit action potentials: a further critique of electromyographic interpretation. Neurology.\u20081975;25:173\u2013176","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.2.173"},{"key":"2021120823301965900_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson RO, Clay SA, Arnon SS. Diagnosis and management of infant botulism. Am J Dis Child.\u20081979;133:586\u2013593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1979.02130060026004"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/119\/4\/826\/1118730\/zpe00407000826.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/119\/4\/826\/1118730\/zpe00407000826.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T03:44:19Z","timestamp":1639021459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/119\/4\/826\/70140\/Clinical-Mimics-of-Infant-Botulism"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2006-0645","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]}}}