{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:59:29Z","timestamp":1789387169461,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of dosing trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole on 2 consecutive days per week for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) pneumonia in a pediatric leukemia and lymphoma population and to determine whether trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole contributes to neutropenia during maintenance therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>METHODS. Charts were reviewed for all pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma diagnosed between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2002. Data were collected through April 1, 2004.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS. A total of 575 charts were reviewed; 529 patients were included in the analysis. A total of 482 (345 leukemia, 137 lymphoma) patients were evaluated on trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole dosed 2 consecutive days per week for 268074 patient-days. No breakthrough cases were documented in compliant patients; 2 noncompliant patients developed P carinii pneumonia. A total of 238 patients who were on trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis and 13 patients who were receiving an alternative medication prophylaxis were evaluated for neutropenia during maintenance therapy. The median number of maintenance days on trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole was 605.5 days and on alternative drug was 617 days. The median number of neutropenic maintenance days on trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole was 15.5 days and on the alternative drug was 16 days. The median proportion of neutropenic days per patient was 0.029 on trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole and 0.022 on the alternative drug.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. Intermittent dosing of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole on 2 consecutive days per week is an effective alternative prophylactic regimen for P carinii pneumonia in pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma. This analysis does not support a difference in neutropenia during maintenance therapy between patients who are treated with trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole versus an alternative drug.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,2]],"date-time":"2007-07-02T16:35:25Z","timestamp":1183394125000},"page":"e47-e51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Successful Intermittent Prophylaxis With Trimethoprim\/Sulfamethoxazole 2 Days per Week for <i>Pneumocystis carinii<\/i> (<i>jiroveci<\/i>) Pneumonia in Pediatric Oncology Patients"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Lindemulder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edythe","family":"Albano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120901560748400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes WT, Kuhn S, Chaudhary S, et al. Successful chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. N Engl J Med.\u20081977;297:1419\u20131426","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712292972602"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes WT, Rivera GK, Schell MJ, Thornton D, Lott L. Successful intermittent chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. N Engl J Med.\u20081987;316:1627\u20131632","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198706253162604"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilber RB, Feldman S, Malone WJ, Ryan M, Aur RJA, Hughes WT. Chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis: outcome of unstructured delivery. Am J Dis Child.\u20081980;134:643\u2013648","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1980.02130190011004"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harris RE, McCallister JA, Allen SA, Barton AS, Baehner RL. Prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia: use of continuous sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim therapy. 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Ribosomal RNA sequence shows Pneumocystis carinii to be a member of the fungi. Nature.\u20081988;334:519\u2013521","DOI":"10.1038\/334519a0"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stringer JR, Beard CB, Miller RF, Wakefield AE. A new name (Pneumocystis jiroveci) for Pneumocystis from humans. Emerg Infect Dis.\u20082002;8:891\u2013896","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.020096"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes WT. Pneumocystis carinii vs Pneumocystis jiroveci: another misnomer. Emerg Infect Dis.\u20082003;9:276\u2013277","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0902.020602"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gigliotti F. Pneumocystis carinii: has the name really been changed?Clin Infect Dis.\u20082005;41:1752\u20131755","DOI":"10.1086\/498150"},{"key":"2021120901560748400_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perera DR, Western KA, Johnson HD, et al. 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