{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T18:53:40Z","timestamp":1778871220087,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>This Policy Statement was revised. See https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2025-073624.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In certain situations, home health care has been shown to be a cost-effective alternative to inpatient hospital care. National health expenditures reveal that pediatric home health costs totaled $5.3 billion in 2000. Medicaid is the major payer for pediatric home health care (77%), followed by other public sources (22%). Private health insurance and families each paid less than 1% of pediatric home health expenses. The most important factors affecting access to home health care are the inadequate supply of clinicians and ancillary personnel, shortages of home health nurses with pediatric expertise, inadequate payment, and restrictive insurance and managed care policies. Many children must stay in the NICU, PICU, and other pediatric wards and intermediate care areas at a much higher cost because of inadequate pediatric home health care services. The main financing problem pertaining to Medicaid is low payment to home health agencies at rates that are insufficient to provide beneficiaries access to home health services. Although home care services may be a covered benefit under private health plans, most do not cover private-duty nursing (83%), home health aides (45%), or home physical, occupational, or speech therapy (33%) and\/or impose visit or monetary limits or caps. To advocate for improvements in financing of pediatric home health care, the American Academy of Pediatrics has developed several recommendations for public policy makers, federal and state Medicaid offices, private insurers, managed care plans, Title V officials, and home health care professionals. These recommendations will improve licensing, payment, coverage, and research related to pediatric home health services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,2]],"date-time":"2006-08-02T13:07:56Z","timestamp":1154524076000},"page":"834-838","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Financing of Pediatric Home Health Care"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"118","author":[{"name":"Committee on Child Health Financing, Section on Home Care","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120412012124700_R1","unstructured":"Medical Expenditure Panel Survey [online database]. Household Component, Health Systems Research. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Department of Health and Human Services; May 27, 2004. Available at: www.meps.ahrq.gov. Accessed June 22, 2006"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zafar H, Nash D. Present and future of pediatric home health care. In: McConnel MS, Imaizumi SO, eds. Guidelines for Pediatric Home Health Care. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2001:11\u201335","DOI":"10.1542\/9781581104394-part01-ch02"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R3","unstructured":"Casiro OG, McKenzie ME, McFadyen L, et al. Earlier discharge with community-based intervention for low birth weight infants: a randomized trial. Pediatrics.\u20081993;92:128\u2013134"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Close P, Burkey E, Kazak A, Danz P, Lange B. A prospective, controlled evaluation of home chemotherapy for children with cancer. Pediatrics.\u20081995;95:896\u2013900","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.95.6.896"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fields AI, Rosenblatt A, Pollack MM, Kauffman J. Home care cost-effectiveness for respiratory technology-dependent children. Am J Dis Child.\u20081991;145:729\u2013733","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1991.02160070025016"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R6","unstructured":"Laudani R. Pediatric home health care providers. In: McConnel MS, Imaizumi SO, eds. Guidelines for Pediatric Home Health Care. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2002:43\u201352"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R7","unstructured":"Limb SJ, McManus MA, Fox HB. Pediatric Provider Capacity for Children With Special Needs: Results From a National Survey of State Title V Directors. Washington, DC: Maternal and Child Health Policy Research Center; 2001"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R8","unstructured":"Social Security Act, 42 CFR 435.227(a), \u00a71902(e)(3)"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R9","unstructured":"Fox HB, Levtov RG, McManus MA. Eligibility, Benefits, and Cost-Sharing in Separate SCHIP Programs. Washington, DC: Maternal and Child Health Policy Research Center; 2003"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R10","unstructured":"Fox HB, McManus MA, Reichman MB. The Strengths and Weaknesses of Private Health Insurance Coverage for Children With Special Health Care Needs. Washington, DC: Maternal and Child Health Policy Research Center; 2002"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Health Financing. Model contractual language for medical necessity for children. Pediatrics.\u20082005;116:261\u2013262","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0880"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics, Medical Home Initiatives for Children With Special Needs Project Advisory Committee. The medical home. Pediatrics.\u20082002;110:184\u2013186","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.1.184"},{"key":"2025120412012124700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thurgate C. Respite for children with complex health needs: issues from the literature. Paediatr Nurs.\u20082005;17(3):14\u201318","DOI":"10.7748\/paed2005.04.17.3.14.c974"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/118\/2\/834\/1073419\/zpe00806000834.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/118\/2\/834\/1073419\/zpe00806000834.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T17:01:43Z","timestamp":1764867703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/118\/2\/834\/68966\/Financing-of-Pediatric-Home-Health-Care"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2006-1489","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}}}