{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T03:27:53Z","timestamp":1790479673691,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE. We aimed to describe gender differences in blood flow velocity and autoregulation of the anterior and posterior cerebral circulations in prepubertal children.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>METHODS. A prospective observational cohort study was performed at Harborview Medical Center's Cerebrovascular Laboratory after institutional review board approval, consent, and assent procedures. Children underwent measurement of middle cerebral and basilar artery flow velocities and cerebral autoregulation testing of the middle cerebral and basilar arteries. Cerebral autoregulation was quantified using the autoregulatory index, and estimated cerebrovascular resistance was calculated. Autoregulatory index &amp;lt;0.4 reflects impaired cerebral autoregulation. Data are presented as mean \u00b1 SD. Patients were healthy 4- to 8-year-old children.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS. Forty-eight children (24 boys and 24 girls) 4 to 8 years of age (mean: 6 \u00b1 2 years) were enrolled. Middle cerebral artery flow velocity was higher than basilar artery flow velocity (96 \u00b1 13 vs 65 \u00b1 11 cm\/s). Girls had higher middle cerebral artery flow velocity (99 \u00b1 11 vs 91 \u00b1 13 cm\/s) and basilar artery flow velocity (70 \u00b1 10 vs 61 \u00b1 9 cm\/s) than boys. Cerebral autoregulation was intact in all children. There was no gender difference in autoregulation between the middle cerebral artery (boys: 0.97 \u00b1 0.07; girls: 0.94 \u00b1 0.11) or basilar artery (boys: 0.94 \u00b1 0.13; girls: 0.94 \u00b1 0.11).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. Similar to older children and adults, girls between 4 and 8 years of age had higher middle cerebral and basilar artery flow velocity than age-matched boys. This difference may reflect inherent differences in cerebral metabolic rate and\/or estimated cerebrovascular resistance between the genders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,6]],"date-time":"2007-02-06T01:35:46Z","timestamp":1170725746000},"page":"e610-e615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Early Childhood Gender Differences in Anterior and Posterior Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity and Autoregulation"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Nuj","family":"Tontisirin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saipin L.","family":"Muangman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Suz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Pihoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Fisk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerebrovascular Laboratory, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur M.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"},{"name":"Cerebrovascular Laboratory, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica S.","family":"Vavilala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology"},{"name":"Pediatrics"},{"name":"Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"},{"name":"Cerebrovascular Laboratory, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120901543473500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bode H. 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