{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:32:26Z","timestamp":1793039546561,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND. Low cortisol concentrations in premature infants have been correlated with increased severity of illness, hypotension, mortality, and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A total of 360 mechanically ventilated infants with a birth weight of 500 to 999 g were enrolled in a randomized, multicenter trial of prophylaxis of early adrenal insufficiency to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were decreased in the hydrocortisone-treated patients exposed to chorioamnionitis. We now report outcomes at 18 to 22 months' corrected age.<\/jats:p><jats:p>PATIENTS AND METHODS. Surviving infants were evaluated with standardized neurologic examination and Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II. Neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as a Mental Developmental Index or Psychomotor Developmental Index of &amp;lt;70, cerebral palsy, blindness or deafness.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS. A total of 252 (87%) of 291 survivors were evaluated. Cerebral palsy was diagnosed in 13% of hydrocortisone-treated versus 14% of placebo-treated infants. Fewer hydrocortisone-treated infants had a Mental Development Index &amp;lt;70, and more of the hydrocortisone-treated infants showed evidence of awareness of object permanence. Incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment was not different (39% [hydrocortisone] vs 44% [placebo]). There were no differences in physical growth measures. Chorioamnionitis-exposed infants treated with hydrocortisone were shorter and weighed less than controls but had no evidence of neurodevelopmental impairment. Among infants not exposed to chorioamnionitis, hydrocortisone-treated patients were less likely to have a Mental Development Index of &amp;lt;70 or to be receiving glucocorticoids at follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. Early, low-dose hydrocortisone treatment was not associated with increased cerebral palsy. Treated infants had indicators of improved developmental outcome. Together with the short-term benefit previously reported, these data support additional studies of hydrocortisone treatment of adrenal insufficiency in extremely premature infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,2]],"date-time":"2007-07-02T16:35:25Z","timestamp":1183394125000},"page":"40-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Early Low-Dose Hydrocortisone Treatment in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Kristi L.","family":"Watterberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele L.","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Evaluation Sciences and Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary J.","family":"Mishefske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, St Joseph Regional Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne L.","family":"Leach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Mammel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newborn Research, Children's Hospital of St Paul, St Paul, Minnesota"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, St Paul, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Couser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital and Clinics of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia H.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan W.","family":"Aucott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth H.","family":"Thilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry J.","family":"Rozycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conra Backstrom","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Clinical Research Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120901565299700_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lemons JA, Bauer CR, Oh W, et al. 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