{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:49:40Z","timestamp":1774122580345,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE. We estimated differences in the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection attributable to genetic and environmental factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>METHODS. Record linkage data on hospitalizations attributable to respiratory syncytial virus infection were gathered on all twins (12346 pairs) born in Denmark between 1994 and 2003. Latent-factor models of genetic and environmental effects were fitted to the observed data by using maximal likelihood methods.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS. Identical twins resembled each other significantly more than did fraternal twins for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (concordance rate: 0.66 vs 0.53), which suggests genetic influences on disease severity. Genetic factors accounted for 16%, family environment for 73%, and nonshared environment for 11% of the individual susceptibility to develop severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS. The severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is determined partly by genetic factors. This result should stimulate the search for genetic markers of disease severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,29]],"date-time":"2008-02-29T14:48:09Z","timestamp":1204296489000},"page":"493-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Increased Concordance of Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Identical Twins"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Simon Francis","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lone Graff","family":"Stensballe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bandim Health Project, State Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Skytthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten Ohm","family":"Kyvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vibeke","family":"Backer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Bisgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120905493256800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogra PL. Respiratory syncytial virus: the virus, the disease and the immune response. Paediatr Respir Rev.2004;5(suppl A):S119\u2013S126","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-0542(04)90023-1"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simoes EAF. Respiratory syncytial virus infection. Lancet.1999;354(9181):847\u2013852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)80040-3"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hull J, Thomson A, Kwaitkowski D. Association of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis with the interleukin 8 gene region in UK families. Thorax.2000;55(12):1023\u20131027","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.12.1023"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puthothu B, Krueger M, Forster J, Heinzmann A. Association between severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and IL13\/IL4 haplotypes. J Infect Dis.2006;193(3):438\u2013441","DOI":"10.1086\/499316"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson J, Rowlands K, Rockett K, et al. Genetic variation at the IL10 gene locus is associated with severity of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. J Infect Dis.2005;191(10):1705\u20131709","DOI":"10.1086\/429636"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amanatidou V, Sourvinos G, Apostolakis S, Tsilimigaki A, Spandidos DA. T280M variation of the CX3C receptor gene is associated with increased risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J.2006;25(5):410\u2013414","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000214998.16248.b7"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lo\u0308fgren J, Ramet M, Renko M, Marttila R, Hallman M. Association between surfactant protein A gene locus and severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. J Infect Dis.2002;185(3):283\u2013289","DOI":"10.1086\/338473"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lahti M, Lofgren J, Marttila R, et al. Surfactant protein D gene polymorphism associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatr Res.2002;51(6):696\u2013699","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200206000-00006"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skytthe A, Kyvik KO, Bathum L, Holm NV, Vaupel JW, Christensen K. The Danish Twin Registry in the new millennium. Twin Res Hum Genet.2006;9(6):763\u2013771","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.9.6.763"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christiansen L, Frederiksen H, Schousboe K, et al. Age- and sex-differences in the validity of questionnaire-based zygosity in twins. Twin Res.2003;6(4):275\u2013278","DOI":"10.1375\/136905203322296610"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R11","unstructured":"Andersen TF, Madsen M, J\u00f8rgensen J, Mellemkjoer L, Olsen JH. The Danish National Hospital Register: a valuable source of data for modern health sciences. Dan Med Bull.1999;46(3):263\u2013268"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stensballe LG, Kristensen K, Nielsen J, Aaby P. Diagnosis coding in the Danish National Patient Registry for respiratory syncytial virus infections. Scand J Infect Dis.2005;37(10):747\u2013752","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540510012107"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGue M. When assessing twin concordance, use the probandwise not the pairwise rate. Schizophr Bull.1992;18(2):171\u2013176","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/18.2.171"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neale MC, Cardon LR. Methodology for Genetic Studies of Twins and Families. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-8018-2"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posthuma D, Beem AL, de Geus EJ, et al. Theory and practice in quantitative genetics. Twin Res.2003;6(5):361\u2013376","DOI":"10.1375\/136905203770326367"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R16","unstructured":"Neale MC, Boker SM, Xie G, Maes HH. Mx Statistical Modeling. 5th ed. Richmond, VA: Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Virginia; 1999"},{"key":"2021120905493256800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh AM, Moore PE, Gern JE, Lemanske RF Jr, Hartert TV. Bronchiolitis to asthma: a review and call for studies of gene-virus interactions in asthma causation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.2007;175(2):108\u2013119","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200603-435PP"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/121\/3\/493\/1122380\/zpe00308000493.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article-pdf\/121\/3\/493\/1122380\/zpe00308000493.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T23:39:58Z","timestamp":1639093198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.aap.org\/pediatrics\/article\/121\/3\/493\/72840\/Increased-Concordance-of-Severe-Respiratory"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2007-1889","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-4005","1098-4275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-4005","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-4275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}}}