{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:16:27Z","timestamp":1792523787784,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES. Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) are essential for brain growth and cognitive development. We have reported that supplementing pregnant and lactating women with n-3 very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids promotes higher IQ scores at 4 years of age as compared with maternal supplementation with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In our present study, the children were examined at 7 years of age with the same cognitive tests as at 4 years of age. We also examined the relation between plasma fatty acid pattern and BMI in children, because an association between arachidonic acid and adipose tissue size has been suggested.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS. The study was randomized and double-blinded. The mothers took 10 mL of cod liver oil or corn oil from week 18 of pregnancy until 3 months after delivery. Their children were tested with the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children at 7 years of age, and their height and weight were measured.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS. We did not find any significant differences in scores on the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children test at 7 years of age between children whose mothers had taken cod liver oil (n = 82) or corn oil (n = 61). We observed, however, that maternal plasma phospholipid concentrations of \u03b1-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy were correlated to sequential processing at 7 years of age. We observed no correlation between fatty acid status at birth or during the first 3 months of life and BMI at 7 years of age.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSION. This study suggests that maternal concentration of n-3 very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy might be of importance for later cognitive function, such as sequential processing, although we observed no significant effect of n-3 fatty acid intervention on global IQs. Neonatal fatty acid status had no influence on BMI at 7 years of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T13:38:30Z","timestamp":1217597910000},"page":"e472-e479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["Effect of Supplementing Pregnant and Lactating Mothers With<i>n<\/i>-3 Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids on Children's IQ and Body Mass Index at 7 Years of Age"],"prefix":"10.1542","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Ingrid B.","family":"Helland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Blome\u0301n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Saarem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Mo\u0308ller Department of Orkla ASA, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ola D.","family":"Saugstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Drevon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"417","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120906011884500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clandinin MT, Chappell JE, Leong S, Heim T, Swyer PR, Chance GW. 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